Iodine saturation in Czech Republic and globally – shortcomings and perspectives

Česká verzia

Authors: V. Zamrazil
Authors place of work: Endokrinologický ústav, Praha
Published in the journal: Kardiol Rev Int Med 2015, 17(2): 167-171
Category: Internal Medicine

Summary

Iodine is an essential element and a component of thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and tetraiodothyronine (thyroxine – T4). Thyroid hormones are potent regulators of energetic metabolism and differentiation. Its reservoir is seawater; lack of iodine (iodopenia) is frequent in continental regions. Consequences of iodopenia affect the entire organism. Sufficient intake of iodine for adult persons is over 150µg/ daily (for pregnant women 250µg/ daily). Criteria for evaluation of iodine saturation are as follows: concentration of iodine in urine (ioduria), prevalence of goitre, thyroglobulin level and parameters of thyroid function. The Czech Republic is a region of iodine deficiency. A complete programme of iodine supplementation can compensate this defect and therefore, according to WHO criteria, the CR is considered as a country with compensated iodine deficiency. The effects of increased iodine intake on thyroid autoimmunity are still questionable. The current trend in reduced consumption of salt, as part of the prevention of cardiovascular disease, may be a risk factor for iodine saturation that should be systematically monitored in order to prevent its decrease and its possible negative effects on intelligence and general quality of population.

Keywords:
iodine – thyroid gland – goitre – hypothyroidism – cretinism

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