Review of the Expert Systems in General Medicine and Dentistry
(Review Article)

Česká verzia

Authors: E. Šedivá; L. Hart; T. Dostálová
Authors place of work: Stomatologická klinika dětí a dospělých 2. LF UK a FNM, Praha
Published in the journal: Česká stomatologie / Praktické zubní lékařství, ročník 117, 2017, 1, s. 3-7
Category: Review Article

Summary

The aim of Study:
Development of expert systems (ES) has been going on for over 45 years and in the course of time gradually evolving, changing the face and appears in its use across our company. Expert systems from the 70s gradually expanded primarily in medical informatics, which in recent years is growing in importance, especially for high structuring of medical knowledge. The aim of expert systems to solve the situation in the absence of an expert – a man. The human expert but is absolutely essential cell during development, since he defines their knowledge base (knowledge base), without which the ES could not decide alone. Hence their inclusion among the so-called next Programs to support medical decisions – „Decision Support Systems“.

Among the most famous expert systems include general medicine DENDRAL (it was the first expert system in the initial development and today it is used), as well as MYCIN (was designed to quickly identify the type of bacterial infection and suggest appropriate treatment with antibiotics), PUFF, ONCOCIN (was designed to manage patient treatment Cancer Care unit), INTERNIST-1 (is among one of the largest ever expert systems in history, his role was to cover the entire area of knowledge of internal medicine, a modification was renamed the caduceus). Part of these expert systems are already in practice is not used, but their modification of the ES function in new ES.

Conclusion:
The use of expert systems in the field of dentistry has, unfortunately, such as history in general medicine and is at the very beginning, but new systems that are beginning to produce or yet to be developed, drawing on the foundations of a modification of the older expert systems.

Keywords:
expert system – knowledge – based system – inference mechanism – evidence-based medicine – DENDRAL – decision support system

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