Evolution and evolutionary theory for physicians. VII. Speciation or rise of new biological species
Authors:
F. Koukolík
Authors place of work:
Oddělení patologie a molekulární medicíny, Národní referenční laboratoř prionových chorob, Fakultní Thomayerova nemocnice s poliklinikou, Praha, Primář: MUDr. František Koukolík, DrSc.
Published in the journal:
Prakt. Lék. 2010; 90(7): 391-395
Category:
Editorial
Summary
Speciation is a term that denotes evolutionary processes by which new biological species arise. The concept of “species” is very broad and has a lot of meanings. Speciation is divided into allopatric (dichopatric and peripatric), parapatric and sympatric, as well as common hybrid speciation. The Wallace effect is a mechanism whereby natural selection strengthens reproduction isolation. Current research is focused on the genetic basis of speciation. Four genes have been described whose function forms the basis for hybrid sterility. The rate of speciation is discussed. The theory of punctuated equilibrium is at odds with the theory of phyletic gradualism.
Key words:
evolution, speciation, species concept, reproduction isolation.
Zdroje
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