Diagnostics and treatment of laryngeal carcinoma

Česká verzia

Authors: B. Maxová; A. Čoček
Authors place of work: Thomayerova nemocnice, Praha, ORL oddělení, Primář: MUDr. Jan Paska, MBA
Published in the journal: Prakt. Lék. 2019; 99(5): 201-204
Category: Reviews

Summary

Head and neck tumours are newly diagnosed approximately by 2000 patients in Czech Republic every year, they are the 6^th most common by men and 17^th by women (1). The incidence of laryngeal carcinoma is around 8,8/100 000 inhabitants (mortality 4,1/100 000), which hasn‘t changed in the last few years. Men are affected 9× more than women, mostly in the age of 55–70. The extrinsic factors play the main role in aetiology. The foremost risk factor is tobacco use. The combination with ethanol consumption has strong synergistic effect. Another risk factor is HPV infection. In 95% of malignant laryngeal tumours it is squamous cell carcinomas we talk about. The prognosis is affected by the localization, but much more by the size of neoplasia. That is why the early diagnose is of such a significance here. Newly developed endoscopic examination methods enable us to explore the neoplastic changes of mucosa, such as the narrow band imaging (NBI), autofluorescence and contact endoscopy. The actual trend in therapy of laryngeal carcinoma is focused on larynx-preserving methods.

Keywords:

endoscopy – head and neck cancer – laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma – narrow band imaging – larynx preserving therapy

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