Nové přístupy u pacientů trpících nespecifickými střevními záněty

Střevní zánětlivá onemocnění (IBD – inflammatory bowel diseases) jsou chronické, v současnosti nevyléčitelné, nemoci znamenající pro pacienty celoživotní zátěž. Jsou typické střídavým průběhem remise a relapsů, což ovlivňuje nejenom celkový zdravotní stav, ale také kvalitu života (QoL – Quality of life) pacientů. Aktivita nemoci a QoL jsou důležitými aspekty při sledování průběhu nemoci a měly by být hodnoceny při kontrolách specialistou. Dlouhodobá dispenzarizace pacientů je nevyhnutelná, ale může být pro některé pacienty komplikovaná z důvodu nedostatku IBD center, dlouhým cestovním vzdálenostem nebo nedostatku volných termínů k objednání. Využití informačních technologií v medicíně (telemedicína) může být nápomocné při sledování průběhu IBD. Nástroje k hodnocení aktivity nemoci a QoL mohou být ve formě internetových dotazníků nebo dotazníků pro mobilní telefony vyplňovány pacienty z domova a návštěva lékaře se doporučí podle výsledků. Tím dochází k přerozdělení zdravotní péče komplikovanějším případům. Takový způsob může ušetřit čas i prostředky zdravotníků a těch pacientů, kteří jsou dlouhodobě v remisi. Článek shrnuje invazivní (endoskopie) a neinvazivní (fekální kalprotektin, dotazníky) nástroje pro hodnocení QoL a aktivity nemoci a poukazuje na možnosti využití telemedicíny v klinické praxi.

Klíčová slova:
Crohnova nemoc – ulcerózní kolitida – aktivita nemoci – kvalita života – fekální kalprotektin – telemedicína

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Doručeno:
22. 9. 2015

Přijato:
29. 9. 2015

Autoři: I. Romanko ¹; M. Lukas ²; M. Bortlík ^2,3
Působiště autorů: Joint Admission of the General University Hospital for Persons with Medical Problems, Prague ¹; IBD Clinical and Research Centre, ISCARE Lighthouse and 1st Medical Faculty of Charles University, Prague ²; Department of Internal Medicine, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University and Central Military Hospital, Prague ³
Vyšlo v časopise: Gastroent Hepatol 2015; 69(5): 441-448
Kategorie: IBD: přehledová práce
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.14735/amgh2015441

Souhrn

Doručeno:
22. 9. 2015

Přijato:
29. 9. 2015

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