Is Amanita phalloides poisoning still a problem?
Authors:
F. Nehaj 1; J. Krivuš 2; Mi. Mokáň 1; M. Kubašková 2; J. Sokol 3; P. Galajda 1; F. Kovář 1; M. Péč 4; Ma. Mokáň 1
Authors place of work:
I. Interná klinika JLF UK a UN Martin
1; Radiologická klinika JLF UK a UN Martin
2; Klinika hematológie a transfuziológie, Národné centrum hemostázy a trombózy JLF UK a UN Martin
3; JLF UK v Martine
4
Published in the journal:
Gastroent Hepatol 2018; 72(3): 257-259
Category:
Klinická a experimentální gastroenterologie: kazuistika
doi:
https://doi.org/10.14735/amgh2018csgh.info05
Summary
Mushroom poisoning is one of the most common acute events. From an epidemiological viewpoint, accidental fungal poisoning occurs frequently in the Slovak Republic, especially during the main growing season of mushrooms in the summer and autumn. Intoxication is divided into several stages with typical symptoms. Several types of syndromes develop according to the type of fungus, the mycotoxins it contains, and the symptoms. These include gastroenterodyspeptic, muscarinic, psilocybin (psychotropic), mycoathropin-neurotoxic, gyromitrin-hepatotoxic, phaloid-hepatorenal, antabus, and orelanin-nephrotoxic syndromes. The fungus should be correctly identified in cases of mushroom poisoning. However, this is not possible in most cases for several reasons. The patient or doctor often lacks sufficient knowledge or theoretical and practical experience of recognizing mushroom species. Clinical pharmacologists and toxicologists can identify mushrooms based on their microscopic and macroscopic characteristics. The type of mushroom is unknown in 95% cases of mushroom poisoning. Amanita phalloides is one of the most poisonous mushrooms and is the cause of the majority of human deaths due to mushroom poisoning worldwide. The liver is the main target organ of toxicity, but other organs, especially the kidneys, are also affected. Intoxication symptoms usually appear after a latent period and may include gastrointestinal disorders followed by jaundice, seizures, and coma, culminating in death. Therapy consists of supportive measures, gastric decontamination, drug therapy, and ultimately liver transplantation if the clinical condition worsens. If necessary, the National Toxic Information Centre in Bratislava or other centers in neighboring countries can be contacted. We present a case report of Amanita phalloides poisoning, diagnostic methods, treatment options, and a review of the literature.
Key words:
Amanita phalloides – amanitin – dyspepsy – hepatic enzymes
The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study.
The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE „uniform requirements“ for biomedical papers.
Submitted: 14. 12. 2017
Accepted: 30. 1. 2018
Zdroje
2. Jaeger A, Jehl F, Flesch F et al. Kinetics of amatoxins in human poisoning: therapeutic implications. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1993; 31 (1): 63–80.
3. Enjalbert F, Rapior S, Nouguier-Soulé J et al. Treatment of amatoxin poisoning: 20-year retrospective analysis. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 2002; 40 (6): 715–757.
4. Kantola T, Kantola T, Koivusalo AM et al. Early molecular adsorbents recirculating system treatment of Amanita mushroom poisoning. Ther Apher Dial 2009; 13 (5): 399–403. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-9987.2009.00758.x.
5. Karlson-Stiber C, Persson H. Cytotoxic fungi – an overview. Toxicon 2003; 42 (4): 339–349.
6. Magdalan J, Ostrowska A, Piotrowska A et al. Benzylpenicillin, acetylcysteine and silibinin as antidotes in human hepatocytes intoxicated with alpha-amanitin. Exp Toxicol Pathol 2010; 62 (4): 367–373. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.05.003
Štítky
Detská gastroenterológia Gastroenterológia a hepatológia Chirurgia všeobecnáČlánok vyšiel v časopise
Gastroenterologie a hepatologie
![Číslo 3](https://www.prelekara.sk/media/cache/resolve/journal_issue/media/image_pdf/871ec3959fdc083a6dbaee8565da0c18.jpeg)
2018 Číslo 3
- Metamizol jako analgetikum první volby: kdy, pro koho, jak a proč?
- Parazitičtí červi v terapii Crohnovy choroby a dalších zánětlivých autoimunitních onemocnění
- Tramadol a paracetamol v tlumení poextrakční bolesti
- Fixní kombinace paracetamol/kodein nabízí synergické analgetické účinky
- Je použití metamizolu během prvního trimestru gravidity bezpečné?
Najčítanejšie v tomto čísle
- Vistaprep – standard přípravy střeva před koloskopickým vyšetřením
- Tumorózní atrioezofageální píštěl jako neobvyklý zdroj sepse
- Intoxikácia Amanita phalloides – stále aktuálny problém?
- Naše zkušenosti s léčbou masivního krvácení u Crohnovy nemoci pomocí anti-TNF terapie