Oral antiplatelet therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Česká verzia

Authors: R. Štípal
Authors place of work: I. interní klinika – kardiologická FN Olomouc
Published in the journal: Kardiol Rev Int Med 2012, 14(2): 68-71

Summary

Modern peroral antiplatelet agents, specifically prasugrel and ticagrelor, are more effective compared to clopidogrel both in patients with acute coronary syndrome without ST elevations and in patients with myocardial infarction with ST elevation. Clopidogrel is indicated when prasugrel or ticagrelor are not suitable or unavailable. Their wider use is currently prevented by the price of both the agents.

Keywords:
acute coronary syndrome – myocardial infarction – antiplatelet agents – protone pump inhibitors – clopidogrel – prasugrel – ticagrelor

Zdroje

1. Théroux P, Ouimet H, McCans J et al. Aspirin, heparin, or both to treat acute unstable angina. N Engl J Med 1988; 319: 1105–1111.

2. Théroux P, Waters D, Qui S et al. Aspirin versus heparin to prevent myocardial infarction during the acute phase of unstable angina. Circulation 1993; 88: 2045–2048.

3. Antithrombotic Trialists‘ (ATT) Collaboration. Baigent C, Blackwell L, Collins R et al. Aspirin in the primary and secondary prevention of vascular disease: collaborative meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised trials. Lancet 2009; 373: 1849–1860.

4. Mehta SR, Tanguay JF, Eikelboom JW et al. CURRENT-OASIS 7 trial investigators. Double--dose versus standard-dose clopidogrel and high--dose versus low-dose aspirin in individuals undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for acute coronary syndromes (CURRENT-OASIS 7): a randomised factorial trial. Lancet 2010; 376: 1233–1243.

5. Gislason GH, Jacobsen R, Rasmussen JN et al. Risk of death or reinfarction associated with the use of selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors and non--selective nonsteroid antiinflamatory drugs after acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 2006; 113: 2906–2913.

6. Yusuf S, Zhao F, Mehta SR et al. Clopidogrel in Unstable Angina to Prevent Recurrent Events Trial Investigators. Effects of clopidogrel in addition to aspirin in patients with acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation. N Engl J Med 2001; 345: 494–502.

7. Ho PM, Peterson ED, Wang L et al. Incidence of death and acute myocardial infarction associated with stopping clopidogrel after acute coronary syndrome. JAMA 2008; 299: 532–539.

8. Fox KA, Mehta SR, Peters R et al. Clopidogrel in Unstable angina to prevent Recurrent ischemic Events Trial. Benefits and risks of the combination of clopidogrel and aspirin in patients undergoing surgical revascularization for non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome: the Clopidogrel in Unstable angina to prevent Recurrent ischemic Events (CURE) Trial. Circulation 2004; 110: 1202–1208.

9. Snoep JD, Hovens MM, Eikenboom JC et al. Clopidogrel nonresponsiveness in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with stenting: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am Heart J 2007; 154: 221–231.

10. CURRENT-OASIS 7 Investigators. Mehta SR, Bassand JP, Chrolavicius S et al. Dose comparisons of clopidogrel and aspirin in acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med 2010; 363: 930–942.

11. Taubert D, von Beckerath N, Grimberg G et al. Impact of P-glycoprotein on clopidogrel absorption. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2006; 80: 486–501.

12. Wiviott SD, Trenk D, Frelinger AL et al. PRINCIPLE-TIMI 44 Investigators. Prasugrel compared with high loading- and maintenance-dose clopidogrel in patients with planned percutaneous coronary intervention: the Prasugrel in Comparison to Clopidogrel for Inhibition of Platelet Activation and Aggregation Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 44 Trial. Circulation 2007; 116: 2923–2932.

13. Wiviott SD, Braunwald E, McCabe C et al. TRITON-TIMI 38 Investigators. Prasugrel versus clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med 2007; 357: 2001–2015.

14. Gurbel PA, Blinden KP, Butler K et al. Randomized double-blind assessment of the ONSET and OFFSet of the antiplatelet effects of ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in patients with stable coronary artery disease: the ONSET/OFFSET Study. Circulation 2009; 120: 2577–2585.

15. Wallentin L, Becker RC, Budaj A et al. PLATO Investigators. Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med 2009; 361: 1045–1057.

16. Held C, Asenblad N, Bassand JP et al. Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery results from the PLATO (Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes) Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 57: 672–684.

17. Hamm CW, Bassand JP, Agewall S et al. ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines. ESC guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation: The Task Force for the management of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 2011; 32: 2999–3054.

18. Van de Werf F, Bax J, Betriu A et al. ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG). Management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with persistent ST-segment elevation: the Task Force on the Management of ST-Segment Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J 2008; 29: 2909–2945.

19. Montalescot G, Wiviott SD, Braunwald E et al. TRITON-TIMI 38 investigators. Prasugrel compared with clopidogrel in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (TRITON-TIMI 38): double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2009; 373: 723–731.

20. Cannon CP, Harrington RA, James S et al. PLATelet inhibition and patient Outcomes Investigators. Comparison of ticagrelor with clopidogrel in patients with a planned invasive strategy for acute coronary syndromes (PLATO): a randomised double-blind study. Lancet 2010; 375: 283–293.

21. Wijns W, Kolh P, Danchin N et al. Task Force on Myocardial Revascularization of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS); European Association for Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions (EAPCI). Guidelines on myocardial revascularization. Eur Heart J 2010; 31: 2501–2555.

22. Bhatt DL, Cryer BL, Contant CF et al. COGENT Investigators. Clopidogrel with or without omeprazole in coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 2010; 363: 1909–1917.

23. Small DS, Farid NA, Payne CD et al. Effects of the proton pump inhibitor lansoprazole on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the prasugrel and clopidogrel. J Clin Pharmacol 2008; 48: 475–484.

24. Goodman SG, Clare R, Pieper KS et al. Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes (PLATO) Trial Investigators. Association of proton pump inhibitor use on cardiovascular outcomes with clopidogrel and ticagrelor: insights from the platelet inhibition and patient outcomes trial. Circulation 2012; 125: 978–986.

25. Abraham NS, Hlatky MA, Antman EM et al. ACCF/ACG/AHA. ACCF/ACG/AHA 2010 expert consensus document on the concomitant use of proton pump inhibitors and thienopyridines: a focused update of the ACCF/ACG/AHA 2008 expert consensus document on reducing the gastrointestinal risks of antiplatelet therapy and NSAID use. A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Expert Consensus Documents. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010; 56: 2051–2066.

26. Harrington RA, Stone GW, McNulty S et al. Platelet inhibition with cangrelor in patients undergoing PCI. N Engl J Med 2009; 361: 2318–2329.

27. Angiolillo DJ, Firstenberg MS, Price MJ et al. BRIDGE Investigators. Bridging antiplatelet therapy with cangrelor in patients undergiong cardiac surgery: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2012; 307: 265–274.