Základy kognitivní, afektivní a sociální neurovědy
VI. Volní rozhodování
Authors:
F. Koukolík
Authors place of work:
Primář: MUDr. František Koukolík, DrSc.
; Oddělení patologie a molekulární medicíny
; Národní referenční laboratoř prionových chorob
; Fakultní Thomayerova nemocnice s poliklinikou, Praha
Published in the journal:
Prakt. Lék. 2011; 91(6): 315-320
Category:
Editorial
Summary
Results of neurobiological experiments with animals and humans have become part of the discourse about free will in the new millenium. There are two neuronal circuits of volition in human brain:
– ventral (whose nodes are basal ganglia – prefrontal cortex – presupplemental motor area – supplementary motor area – primary motor cortex), and
– dorsal (whose nodes are sensory cortices – parietal cortex – lateral promotor cortex – primary motor cortex).
The anterior insular cortex is a newly discovered node. Phases of volition are
– the early whether decision,
– what decisions (goal selection and movement selection) , and
– the late whether decision (final predictive check and veto);
– when decision.
Damage of those nodes / phases is recognised in a number of common ailments.
Unconscious mechanisms widely influence free will. Free will is an adaptive biological trait. The scientific concept of free will is a quantitative not qualitative concept. The right question is probably “how much free will do have we?”, not “do we have free will or not?”
Key words:
free will, neuronal circuits, unconscious mechanisms, adaptive trait.
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