Sarcoidosis – enigmatic disease still unresolved

Česká verzia

Authors: Vítězslav Kolek; Monika Žurková; Vladimíra Lošťáková
Authors place of work: Klinika plicních nemocí a tuberkulózy LF UP a FN Olomouc
Published in the journal: Vnitř Lék 2017; 63(11): 807-814
Category: Reviews

Summary

Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease of unknown etiology, characterized by the presence of granulomatous inflammation in affected tissues. In about 90 % it affects the lungs, but it may basically affect any organ, the most frequently the skin, lymph nodes and eyes. In the case of classic lung manifestation this disease is not difficult to diagnose. When dealing with extrapulmonary manifestations, interdisciplinary cooperation is necessary. The treatment of sarcoidosis is needed in about half of the cases, in some 30 % of patients it may change into a chronic stage and possibly lead to serious health problems or premature death. Treatment is commenced following individual evaluation of the extent of the disease and considering its benefit against possible secondary effects. Corticosteroids remain the systemic drugs of first choice. When ineffective or not tolerated, the drugs of second choice are given, these are corticosteroid replacement drugs such as methotrexate, antimalarial drugs and immunosuppressive drugs. For refractory forms, biological therapy is administered, in particular infliximab or adalimumab.

Key words:
biological therapy – corticosteroids – corticosteroid replacement treatment – extrapulmonary lesions – sarcoidosis

Zdroje

1. Statement on sarcoidosis. Joint Statement of the American Thoracic Society (ATS), the European Respiratory Society (ERS) and the World Association of Sarcoidosis and Other Granulomatous Disorders (WASOG) adopted by the ATS Board of Directors and by the ERS Executive Committee, February 1999. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 160(2): 736755. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.160.2.ats4–99>.

2. Kolek V et al. Sarkoidóza. Známé a neznámé. Grada: Praha 1998. ISBN 80–7169–468–1.

3. Kolek V. Sarkoidóza – dosud nepoznaná (1). Interní Med 2007; 9(6): 276279.

4. Kolek V. Sarkoidóza – dosud nepoznaná (2). Interní Med 2007; 9(7–8): 310313.

5. Ramstein J, Broos CE, Simpson LJ et al. IFN-γ-Producing T-Helper 17.1 Cells Are Increased in Sarcoidosis and Are More Prevalent than T-Helper Type 1 Cells. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2016; 193(11): 1281–1291. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201507–1499OC>.

6. Kriegova E, Fillerova R, Tomankova T et al. T-helper cell type-1 transcription factor T-bet is upregulated in pulmonary sarcoidosis. Eur Respir J 2011; 38(5): 1136–1144. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00089910>.

7. Petřek M, Drábek J, Kolek V et al. CC Chemokine Receptor Gene Polymorphisms In Czech Patients With Pulmonary Sarcoidosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 162(3 Pt 1): 1000–1003.

8. Esteves T, Apaicio G, Garcia-Patos V. Is there any association between Sarcoidosis and infectious agents?: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pulm Med 2016; 16(1):165. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12890–016–0332-z>.

9. Moller DR, Koth LL, Maier LA et al. Rationale and Design of the Genomic Research in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency and Sarcoidosis (GRADS) Study. Sarcoidosis Protocol. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2015; 12(10): 1561–1571. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1513/AnnalsATS.201503–172OT>.

10. Izbicki G, Chavko R, Banauch GI et al. World Trade Center “Sarcoid-Like” Granulomatous Pulmonary Disease in New York City Fire Department Rescue Workers. Chest 2007; 131(5): 1414–1423.

11. Metyas SK, Tadros RM, Arkfel DG. Adalimumab-induced noncaseating granuloma in the bone marrow of a patient being treated for rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int 2009; 29(4): 437–439. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00296–008–0691–8>.

12. Wahlström J, Dengjel J, Winqvist O et al. Autoimmune T cell responses to antigenic peptides presented by bronchoalveolar lavage cell HLA-DR molecules in sarcoidosis. Clin Immunol 2009; 133(3): 353–363. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2009.08.008>.

13. Martinetti M, Tinelli C, Kolek V et al: “The sarcoidosis map”: A joint survey of clinical and immuno-genetic findings in two european countries. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 1995; 152(2): 557–564.

14. Berlin A, Fogdell-Hahn A, Olerup O et al. HLA-DR Predicts the Prognosis in Scandinavian Patients with Pulmonary Sarcoidosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1997; 156(5): 1601–1605.

15. Zhou T, Zhang W, Sweiss NJ et al. Peripheral blood genes expression as a novel genomic biomarker incomplicted sarcoidosis. PloS One 2012; 7: e44818. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0044818>.

16. Fingerlin TE, Hamzeh N, Maier LA. Genetics of Sarcoidosis. Clin Chest Med 2015; 36(4): 569–584. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccm.2015.08.002>.

17. Korsten P, Strohmayer K, Baughman et al. Refractory pulmonary sarcoidosis: Proposal of a definition and Recommendation for the Diagnostic and threapeutic appoach. Clin Pulm Med 2016; 23(2): 67–75.

18. Baughman R, Teirstein A, Judson M et al. Clinical characteristics of patients in a case control study of sarcoidosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 164(10 Pt 1): 1885–1889.

19. Zurkova M, Turkova M Tichy T et al: Sarcoidosis of female reproductive organs in a postmenopausal woman: a case report and review of the literature: is there a potential for hormone therapy? Menopause 2015; 22(5): 549–553. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/GME.0000000000000347>.

20. Amin EN, Closser DR, Crouser ED. Current best practice in the management of pulmonary and systemic sarcoidosis. Ther Adv Respir Dis 2014; 8(4): 111–132.

21. Miller CT, Sweiss NJ, Lu Y. FDG PET/CT evidence of effective treatment of cardiac sarcoidosis with adalimumab. Clin Nucl Med 2016; 41(5): 417–418. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/RLU.0000000000001124>.

22. Kolek V, Žurková M, Loštáková V et al. Syndrom koincidence sarkoidózy a lymfomu. Stud Pneumol Phthiseol 2011; 71(3): 120–128.

23. Kolek V. Granulomatózy – současný pohled na etiopatogenezi a klinický význam. Stud Pneumol Phthiseol 2006; 66(4): 147–148.

24. Baughman RB, Grutters JC. New treatment strategies for pulmonary sarcoidosis: antimetabolites, biological drugs, and other treatment approaches. Lancet Resp Med 2015; 3(10): 813–822. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213–2600(15)00199-X>.

25. Brun J, Kofman J, Faivre JM. Le traitement corticonique de le sarcoidose médiastinopulmonaire: necessité d´un traitement précoce et place de I’A.C.T.H. terapie (d’apreś un bilan de 75 observations). Poumon Coeur 1972; 28(7): 321–331.

26. Hoyle C, Dawson J, Mather G. Treatment of pulmonary sarcoidosis with streptomycin and cortisone. Lancet 1955; 268(6865): 638–643.

27. Young RL, Harkleroad LE, Lordon RE et al. Pulmonary sarcoidosis: a prospective evaluation of glucocorticoid therapy. Ann Intern Med 1970; 73(2): 207–212.

28. Loštáková V, Kolek V, Vašáková M. Sarkoidóza – doporučený postup diagnostiky, terapie a sledování vývoje onemocnění. Doporučené postupy ČPFS. 2. vyd. 2016: 270–290. Dostupné z WWW: <http://www.pneumologie.cz/guidelines/>.

29. Baughman RP, Nunes H, Sweiss N et al. Established and experimental medical therapy of pulmonary sarcoidosis. Eur Respir J 2013; 41(6): 1424–1438. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00060612>.

30. Baughman RP, Winget DB, Lower EE. Methotrexate is steroid sparing in acute sarcoidosis: results of a double blind, randomized trial. Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis 2000; 17(1): 60–66.

31. Baughman RP, Lower EE. Leflunomide for chronic sarcoidosis. Sarc Vasc Diff Lung Dis 2004; 21(1): 43–48.

32. Baughman RP, Judson MA, Costabel U et al. Randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial of infliximab in patients with chronic pulmonary sarcoidosis. Chest 2005; 128(4 Suppl): S202. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.128.2.1062>.

33. Baughman RP, Shipley R, Desai S et al. Changes in chest rentgenogram of sarcoidosis patients during a clinical trial of infliximab therapy: comparison of different methods of evaluation. Chest 2006; 136(2): 526–535. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.08–1876>.

34. Judson MA, Baughman RP, Costabel U et al. Safety and efficacy of ustekinumab or golimumab in patients with chronic sarcoidosis. Eur Respir J 2014; 44(5): 1296–1307. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00000914>.

35. Sweiss NJ, Lower EE, Mirsaeidi M et al. Rituximab in the treatment of refractory pulmonary sarcoidosis. Eur Respir J 2014; 43(5): 1525–1528. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00224513>.