Myeloid Dendritic Cells Induce HIV-1 Latency in Non-proliferating CD4 T Cells

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Latently infected resting CD4⁺ T cells are a major barrier to HIV cure. Understanding how latency is established, maintained and reversed is critical to identifying novel strategies to eliminate latently infected cells. We demonstrate here that co-culture of resting CD4⁺ T cells and syngeneic myeloid dendritic cells (mDC) can dramatically increase the frequency of HIV DNA integration and latent HIV infection in non-proliferating memory, but not naïve, CD4⁺ T cells. Latency was eliminated when cell-to-cell contact was prevented in the mDC-T cell co-cultures and reduced when clustering was minimised in the mDC-T cell co-cultures. Supernatants from infected mDC-T cell co-cultures did not facilitate the establishment of latency, consistent with cell-cell contact and not a soluble factor being critical for mediating latent infection of resting CD4⁺ T cells. Gene expression in non-proliferating CD4⁺ T cells, enriched for latent infection, showed significant changes in the expression of genes involved in cellular activation and interferon regulated pathways, including the down-regulation of genes controlling both NF-κB and cell cycle. We conclude that mDC play a key role in the establishment of HIV latency in resting memory CD4⁺ T cells, which is predominantly mediated through signalling during DC-T cell contact.

Vyšlo v časopise: Myeloid Dendritic Cells Induce HIV-1 Latency in Non-proliferating CD4 T Cells. PLoS Pathog 9(12): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003799
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1003799

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