Thyroid carcinomas – current therapeutic procedures

Česká verzia

Authors: Petr Vlček; Dana Nováková
Authors place of work: Klinika nukleární medicíny a endokrinologie 2. LF UK a FN v Motole, Praha
Published in the journal: Vnitř Lék 2016; 62(Suppl 3): 115-120
Category: Reviews

Summary

Incidence of differentiated thyroid carcinomas, especially papillary carcinomas, in recent decades worldwide increase. This is especially the detection of small tumor sizes up to two centimeters. Causes of the increase of these cancers are either increased number of thyroid investigations, but also the actual increase of this disease. The subject of expert discussion on this topic is mainly assessment of the severity of newly diagnosed tumors, the choice of treatment strategy and choice of follow-up of patients. Given that a large part of tumor detected in an early stage and due to the success of the current treatment options for the prognosis of thyroid cancer is usually good. Despite the large increase of the incidence, mortality for this type of cancer, in countries with good individualized treatment, decreases. We present a review of literature on the topic.

Key words:
thyroid carcinoma – post-operation monitoring – radioiodine – stratification of the risk of relapse

Zdroje

1. Barney BM, Hitchcock YJ, Sharma P et al. Overall and cause-specific survival for patients undergoing lobectomy, near-total, or total thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer. Head Neck 2011; 33(5): 645–649. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hed.21504>.

2. Biondi B, Filetti S, Schlumberger M. Thyroid-hormone therapy and thyroid cancer: a reassessment. Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab 2005; 1(1): 32–40.

3. Blumhardt R, Wolin EA, Phillips WT et al. Current controversies in the initial post-surgical radioactive iodine therapy for thyroid cancer: a narrative review. Endocr Relat Cancer 2014; 21(6): R473-R484. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/ERC-14–0286>.

4. Cabanillas ME, McFadden DG, Durante C. Thyroid cancer. Lancet 2016; pii: S0140–6736(16)30172–6. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/S0140–6736(16)30172–6>.

5. Castagna MG, Maino F, Cipri C et al. Delayed risk stratification, to include the response to initial treatment (surgery and radioiodine ablation), has better outcome predictivity in differentiated thyroid cancer patients. Eur J Endocrinol 2011; 165(3): 441–446. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/EJE-11–0466>.

6. Cibas ES, Ali SZ. The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology. Thyroid 2009; 19(11): 1159–1165. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/thy.2009.0274>.

7. Clement SC, Peeters RP, Ronckers CM et al. Intermediate and long-term adverse effects of radioiodine therapy for differentiated thyroid carcinoma – a systematic review. Cancer Treat Rev 2015; 41(10): 925–934.

8. Durante C, Montesano T, Torlontano M et al. Papillary thyroid cancer: time course of recurrences during postsurgery surveillance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 98(2): 636–642. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2012–3401>.

9. Hauch A, Al-Qurayshi Z, Randolph G et al. Total thyroidectomy is associated with increased risk of complications for low- and high-volume surgeons. Ann Surg Oncol 2014; 21(12): 3844–3852. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1245/s10434–014–3846–8>.

10. Haugen BR, Alexander EK, Bible KC et al. 2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. Thyroid 2016; 26(1): 1–133. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/thy.2015.0020>.

11. Jonklaas J, Sarlis NJ, Litofsky D et al. Outcomes of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma following initial therapy. Thyroid 2006; 16(12): 1229–1242.

12. Lee TJ, Kim S, Cho HJ et al. The incidence of thyroid cancer is affected by the characteristics of a healthcare system. J Korean Med Sci 2012; 27(12): 1491–1498. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2012.27.12.1491>.

13. Lubitz CC, Sosa JA. The changing landscape of papillary thyroid cancer: Epidemiology, management, and the implications for patients. Cancer 2016 Aug 12. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.30201>.

14. Matsuzu K, Sugino K, Masudo K et al. Thyroid lobectomy for papillary thyroid cancer: long-term follow-up study of 1,088 cases. World J Surg 2014; 38(1): 68–79. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00268–013–2224–1>.

15. Mazzaferri EL, Kloos RT. Clinical review 128: current approaches to primary therapy for papillary and follicular thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001; 86(4): 1447–1463.

16. Mendelsohn AH, Elashoff DA, Abemayor E et al. Surgery for papillary thyroid carcinoma: is lobectomy enough? Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2010; 136(11): 1055–1061. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archoto.2010.181>.

17. Nixon IJ, Ganly I, Patel SG et al. Thyroid lobectomy for treatment of well differentiated intrathyroid malignancy. Surgery 2012; 151(4): 571–579. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surg.2011.08.016>.

18. Orlov S, Orlov D, Shaytzag M et al. Influence of age and primary tumor size on the risk for residual/recurrent well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Head Neck 2009; 31(6): 782–788. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hed.21020>.

19. Pacini F, Molinaro E, Castagna MG et al. Recombinant human thyrotropin-stimulated serum thyroglobulin combined with neck ultrasonography has the highest sensitivity in monitoring differentiated thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003; 88(3): 3668–3673.

20. Pellegriti G, Frasca F, Regalbuto C et al. Worldwide increasing incidence of thyroid cancer: update on epidemiology and risk factors. J Cancer Epidemiol 2013; 2013: 96521. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/965212>.

21. Sykorova V, Dvorakova S, Ryska A et al. BRAFV600E mutation in the pathogenesis of a large series of papillary thyroid carcinoma in Czech Republic. J Endocrinol Invest 2010; 33(5): 318–324. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.3275/6722>.

22. Torlontano M, Crocetti U, D’Aloiso L et al. Serum thyroglobulin and 131I whole body scan after recombinant human TSH stimulation in the follow-up of low-risk patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Eur J Endocrinol 2003; 148(1): 19–24.

23. Tuttle RM, Tala H, Shah J et al. Estimating risk of recurrence in differentiated thyroid cancer after total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine remnant ablation: using response to therapy variables to modify the initial risk estimates predicted by the new American Thyroid Association staging system. Thyroid 2010; 20(12): 1341–1349. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/thy.2010.0178>.

24. Vaclavikova E, Halkova T, Kodetova D et al. Search for new genetic biomarkers in poorly differentiated and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas using next generation sequencing. Anticancer Res 2015; 35(4): 2029–2036.

25. Vaccarella S, Franceschi S, Bray F et al. Worldwide Thyroid-Cancer Epidemic? The Increasing Impact of Overdiagnosis. N Engl J Med 2016; 375(7): 614–617. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp1604412>.

26. Van den Bruel A, Francart J, Dubois C et al. Regional variation in thyroid cancer incidence in Belgium is associated with variation in thyroid imaging and thyroid disease management. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 98(19): 4063–4071. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2013–1705>.

27. Vlček P, Nováková D, Vejvalka J et al. Draft of the best medical treatment in patients with low-risk thyroid cancer. Vnitř Lék 2015; 61(9): 769–777.

28. Welch HG, Black WC. Overdiagnosis in cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2010; 102(9): 605–613. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djq099>.