Novel Genetic Approaches to the Resolutionof Complex Diseases

České info

Nove'genetické'přístupy ve výzkumu komplexních chorob

Až donedávna byla genetika vědou monogenních poruch, založených na Mendelových zákonech. Dokončení popisulidského genomu a analýza genomu laboratorních zvířat (myš, potkan) přinášejí možnost studovat komplexníchoroby, tj. ty poruchy, které jsou podmíněny několika geny a jsou významně ovlivňovány vlivy prostředí. Tentonový přístup vyžaduje i novou strategii. Navrhujeme integrovaný výzkum založený na experimentálních genetickýchmodelech a na studiu genealogických dat u relativně isolovaných lidských populací s velkými rodinami. Lzepředvídat, že genetika se stane součástí nové medicíny, ve které bude predikce onemocnění založena na analýzegenomu daného jedince.

Klíčová slova:
genetika kardiovaskulárních onemocnění, komplexní choroby, experimentální genetika, genetikačlověka.

Authors: P. Hamet; Tremblay
Authors‘ workplace: Research Centre of the Centre hospitalier de 1'Université de Montreal (CHUM) Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Published in: Čas. Lék. čes. 2004; : 651-656
Category:

Overview

Up to very recent times, genetics as been the science of monogenic disorders based on Mendelian laws. Completion of human genome sequencing as well as that of other species, including mainly the mouše and rat are now providing the opportunity to resolve complex diseases, i.e., those based on several genes and significantly modified by the environment. This complex paradigm, however, requires novel strategies. We propose an integrated use of experimental genetic animal models, with that of relatively isolated human populations with large families and accessible genealogical data. Foreseeably, genetics will be part of this novel medicíně in which the prediction of diseases will be based on individual genomic makeup.

Key words:
genetics of cardiovascular disease, complex diseases, experimental genetics, human genetics

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