Epistasis Is a Major Determinant of the Additive Genetic Variance in

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Complex traits are influenced not only by the effects of individual genes but also by the myriad ways that these genes interact with one another, commonly referred to as epistasis. Theory suggests that epistasis could have important population-level implications in terms of the genetic variance components that govern evolution in response to natural or artificial selection. Unfortunately, empirical examples extending from observed interactions between genes to genetic variances are scant, particularly for natural populations. Here, we characterize epistasis between naturally segregating polymorphisms in M. guttatus and determine the cumulative effect of epistasis on population genetic variance components. To do this, we first elaborate the necessary statistical theory to accommodate estimation error in genetic effects, as failing to do so will upwardly bias variance predictions. We find that gene interactions have a net positive effect on both the total and additive genetic variance for most traits; however, the contribution of individual loci to the additive variance depends heavily on the genotype frequencies at other loci. Therefore, the effect of epistasis extends beyond the individual’s phenotype to influence how both populations and their component alleles respond to selection.

Vyšlo v časopise: Epistasis Is a Major Determinant of the Additive Genetic Variance in. PLoS Genet 11(5): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005201
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005201

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