Mutations that have little influence on biological function are referred to as neutral mutations and frequently appear in molecular phylogenetic analyses. The fixation of neutral mutations in populations has been attributed to genetic drift in fitness-steady evolutionary processes or hitchhiking in adaptive evolution. We examined the fitness-increasing evolution of Escherichia coli for thermal adaptation to observe the fixation dynamics of genome-wide mutations. In the adaptive evolution, all genomes in the population equally accumulated neutral mutations by replication errors. The infrequent occurrence of an adaptive mutation on one of the genomes by chance resulted in the fixation of the neutral mutations that had pre-accumulated in the same genome by hitchhiking. Via successive hitchhiking events, the neutral mutations were fixed in the population linearly over generations at the same rate as the spontaneous mutation accumulation rate in the genome. The molecular clock of neutral mutations thus functions even in adaptive evolution. The evolutionary period characterized by the accumulation of numerous neutral mutations observed in molecular phylogenetic trees may not be specific to neutral evolution but may occur in adaptive evolution as well.
Vyšlo v časopise: Molecular Clock of Neutral Mutations in a Fitness-Increasing Evolutionary Process. PLoS Genet 11(7): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005392 Kategorie: Research Article prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005392
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