Viral Small Interfering RNAs Target Host Genes to Mediate Disease
Symptoms in Plants
The Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) Y-satellite RNA (Y-Sat) has a
small non-protein-coding RNA genome that induces yellowing symptoms in infected
Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco). How this RNA pathogen induces
such symptoms has been a longstanding question. We show that the yellowing
symptoms are a result of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-directed RNA silencing of
the chlorophyll biosynthetic gene, CHLI. The CHLI mRNA contains a 22-nucleotide
(nt) complementary sequence to the Y-Sat genome, and in Y-Sat-infected plants,
CHLI expression is dramatically down-regulated. Small RNA sequencing and
5′ RACE analyses confirmed that this 22-nt sequence was targeted for mRNA
cleavage by Y-Sat-derived siRNAs. Transformation of tobacco with a RNA
interference (RNAi) vector targeting CHLI induced Y-Sat-like symptoms. In
addition, the symptoms of Y-Sat infection can be completely prevented by
transforming tobacco with a silencing-resistant variant of the CHLI gene. These
results suggest that siRNA-directed silencing of CHLI is solely responsible for
the Y-Sat-induced symptoms. Furthermore, we demonstrate that two
Nicotiana species, which do not develop yellowing symptoms
upon Y-Sat infection, contain a single nucleotide polymorphism within the
siRNA-targeted CHLI sequence. This suggests that the previously observed species
specificity of Y-Sat-induced symptoms is due to natural sequence variation in
the CHLI gene, preventing CHLI silencing in species with a mismatch to the Y-Sat
siRNA. Taken together, these findings provide the first demonstration of small
RNA-mediated viral disease symptom production and offer an explanation of the
species specificity of the viral disease.
Vyšlo v časopise:
Viral Small Interfering RNAs Target Host Genes to Mediate Disease
Symptoms in Plants. PLoS Pathog 7(5): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1002022
Kategorie:
Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1002022
Souhrn
The Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) Y-satellite RNA (Y-Sat) has a
small non-protein-coding RNA genome that induces yellowing symptoms in infected
Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco). How this RNA pathogen induces
such symptoms has been a longstanding question. We show that the yellowing
symptoms are a result of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-directed RNA silencing of
the chlorophyll biosynthetic gene, CHLI. The CHLI mRNA contains a 22-nucleotide
(nt) complementary sequence to the Y-Sat genome, and in Y-Sat-infected plants,
CHLI expression is dramatically down-regulated. Small RNA sequencing and
5′ RACE analyses confirmed that this 22-nt sequence was targeted for mRNA
cleavage by Y-Sat-derived siRNAs. Transformation of tobacco with a RNA
interference (RNAi) vector targeting CHLI induced Y-Sat-like symptoms. In
addition, the symptoms of Y-Sat infection can be completely prevented by
transforming tobacco with a silencing-resistant variant of the CHLI gene. These
results suggest that siRNA-directed silencing of CHLI is solely responsible for
the Y-Sat-induced symptoms. Furthermore, we demonstrate that two
Nicotiana species, which do not develop yellowing symptoms
upon Y-Sat infection, contain a single nucleotide polymorphism within the
siRNA-targeted CHLI sequence. This suggests that the previously observed species
specificity of Y-Sat-induced symptoms is due to natural sequence variation in
the CHLI gene, preventing CHLI silencing in species with a mismatch to the Y-Sat
siRNA. Taken together, these findings provide the first demonstration of small
RNA-mediated viral disease symptom production and offer an explanation of the
species specificity of the viral disease.
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Hygiena a epidemiológia Infekčné lekárstvo LaboratóriumČlánok vyšiel v časopise
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