Dysregulated B Cell Expression of RANKL and OPG Correlates with Loss of Bone Mineral Density in HIV Infection

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HIV infection causes significant bone loss and skeletal deterioration, leading to fractures that are often devastating and incur significant financial burden on patients and their families. HIV-infected individuals have up to a five-fold higher risk of bone fractures, and the increasing average age of people living with HIV/AIDS has triggered fears of an impending epidemic of bone fractures in this population. Antiretroviral therapy, used to manage HIV infection, fails to prevent, but rather paradoxically accelerates skeletal decline. The underlying mechanisms of HIV-induced bone loss are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanisms of bone loss in HIV-infected patients, in an effort to better understand how bone loss and fractures occur, and consequently how it can be prevented in this population. The cytokine RANKL (Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor kappa-B Ligand) helps induce bone loss. We show that RANKL expression was increased in immune cells in HIV-infected individuals. Another cytokine, osteoprotegerin (OPG), counteracts the activity of RANKL, and therefor helps prevent bone loss. OPG expression by the same immune cells was decreased in HIV-infected individuals. We conclude that disrupted immune cell expression of RANKL and OPG in HIV-infected patients contributes to bone loss.

Vyšlo v časopise: Dysregulated B Cell Expression of RANKL and OPG Correlates with Loss of Bone Mineral Density in HIV Infection. PLoS Pathog 10(11): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1004497
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004497

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