#PAGE_PARAMS# #ADS_HEAD_SCRIPTS# #MICRODATA#

A New Nuclear Function of the Glycolytic Enzyme Enolase: The Metabolic Regulation of Cytosine-5 Methyltransferase 2 (Dnmt2) Activity


Cytosine-5 methyltransferases of the Dnmt2 family function as DNA and tRNA methyltransferases. Insight into the role and biological significance of Dnmt2 is greatly hampered by a lack of knowledge about its protein interactions. In this report, we address the subject of protein interaction by identifying enolase through a yeast two-hybrid screen as a Dnmt2-binding protein. Enolase, which is known to catalyze the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate (2-PG) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), was shown to have both a cytoplasmatic and a nuclear localization in the parasite Entamoeba histolytica. We discovered that enolase acts as a Dnmt2 inhibitor. This unexpected inhibitory activity was antagonized by 2-PG, which suggests that glucose metabolism controls the non-glycolytic function of enolase. Interestingly, glucose starvation drives enolase to accumulate within the nucleus, which in turn leads to the formation of additional enolase-E.histolytica DNMT2 homolog (Ehmeth) complex, and to a significant reduction of the tRNAAsp methylation in the parasite. The crucial role of enolase as a Dnmt2 inhibitor was also demonstrated in E.histolytica expressing a nuclear localization signal (NLS)-fused-enolase. These results establish enolase as the first Dnmt2 interacting protein, and highlight an unexpected role of a glycolytic enzyme in the modulation of Dnmt2 activity.


Vyšlo v časopise: A New Nuclear Function of the Glycolytic Enzyme Enolase: The Metabolic Regulation of Cytosine-5 Methyltransferase 2 (Dnmt2) Activity. PLoS Pathog 6(2): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000775
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1000775

Souhrn

Cytosine-5 methyltransferases of the Dnmt2 family function as DNA and tRNA methyltransferases. Insight into the role and biological significance of Dnmt2 is greatly hampered by a lack of knowledge about its protein interactions. In this report, we address the subject of protein interaction by identifying enolase through a yeast two-hybrid screen as a Dnmt2-binding protein. Enolase, which is known to catalyze the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate (2-PG) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), was shown to have both a cytoplasmatic and a nuclear localization in the parasite Entamoeba histolytica. We discovered that enolase acts as a Dnmt2 inhibitor. This unexpected inhibitory activity was antagonized by 2-PG, which suggests that glucose metabolism controls the non-glycolytic function of enolase. Interestingly, glucose starvation drives enolase to accumulate within the nucleus, which in turn leads to the formation of additional enolase-E.histolytica DNMT2 homolog (Ehmeth) complex, and to a significant reduction of the tRNAAsp methylation in the parasite. The crucial role of enolase as a Dnmt2 inhibitor was also demonstrated in E.histolytica expressing a nuclear localization signal (NLS)-fused-enolase. These results establish enolase as the first Dnmt2 interacting protein, and highlight an unexpected role of a glycolytic enzyme in the modulation of Dnmt2 activity.


Zdroje

1. SpadaF

RothbauerU

ZolghadrK

SchermellehL

LeonhardtH

2006 Regulation of DNA methyltransferase 1. Adv Enzyme Regul 46 224 234

2. JeltschA

2006 Molecular enzymology of mammalian DNA methyltransferases. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 301 203 225

3. DongA

YoderJA

ZhangX

ZhouL

BestorTH

2001 Structure of human DNMT2, an enigmatic DNA methyltransferase homolog that displays denaturant-resistant binding to DNA. Nucleic Acids Res 29 439 448

4. GollMG

KirpekarF

MaggertKA

YoderJA

HsiehCL

2006 Methylation of tRNAAsp by the DNA methyltransferase homolog Dnmt2. Science 311 395 398

5. HengesbachM

MeusburgerM

LykoF

HelmM

Use of DNAzymes for site-specific analysis of ribonucleotide modifications. RNA 14(1) 180 187

6. JurkowskiT

MeusburgerM

PhalkeS

HelmM

NellenW

2008 Human DNMT2 methylates tRNA(Asp) molecules using a DNA methyltransferase-like catalytic mechanism. RNA 14(8) 1663 1670

7. OkanoM

XieS

LiE

1998 Dnmt2 is not required for de novo and maintenance methylation of viral DNA in embryonic stem cells. Nucleic Acids Res 26 2536 2540

8. KunertN

MarholdJ

StankeJ

StachD

LykoF

2003 A Dnmt2-like protein mediates DNA methylation in Drosophila. Development 130 5083 5090

9. PhalkeS

NickelO

WalluscheckD

HortigF

OnoratiMC

2009 Retrotransposon silencing and telomere integrity in somatic cells of Drosophila depends on the cytosine-5 methyltransferase DNMT2. Nat Genet 41 696 702

10. KatohM

CurkT

XuQ

ZupanB

KuspaA

2006 Developmentally regulated DNA methylation in Dictyostelium discoideum. Eukaryot Cell 5 18 25

11. KuhlmannM

BorisovaBE

KallerM

LarssonP

StachD

2005 Silencing of retrotransposons in Dictyostelium by DNA methylation and RNAi. Nucleic Acids Res 33 6405 6417

12. FisherO

Siman-TovR

AnkriS

2004 Characterization of cytosine methylated regions and 5-cytosine DNA methyltransferase (Ehmeth) in the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica. Nucleic Acids Res 32 287 297

13. JeltschA

NellenW

LykoF

2006 Two substrates are better than one: dual specificities for Dnmt2 methyltransferases. Trends Biochem Sci 31 306 308

14. MundC

MuschT

StrodickeM

AssmannB

LiE

2004 Comparative analysis of DNA methylation patterns in transgenic Drosophila overexpressing mouse DNA methyltransferases. Biochem J 378 763 768

15. PinarbasiE

ElliottJ

HornbyDP

1996 Activation of a yeast pseudo DNA methyltransferase by deletion of a single amino acid. J Mol Biol 257 804 813

16. RountreeMR

BachmanKE

BaylinSB

2000 DNMT1 binds HDAC2 and a new co-repressor, DMAP1, to form a complex at replication foci. Nat Genet 25 269 277

17. FuksF

BurgersWA

GodinN

KasaiM

KouzaridesT

2001 Dnmt3a binds deacetylases and is recruited by a sequence-specific repressor to silence transcription. Embo J 20 2536 2544

18. Turek-PlewaJ

JagodzinskiPP

The role of mammalian DNA methyltransferases in the regulation of gene expression. Cell Mol Biol Lett 10(4) 631 647

19. BanerjeeS

FisherO

LohiaA

AnkriS

2005 Entamoeba histolytica DNA methyltransferase (Ehmeth) is a nuclear matrix protein that binds EhMRS2, a DNA that includes a scaffold/matrix attachment region (S/MAR). Mol Biochem Parasitol 139 91 97

20. HaronyH

BernesS

Siman-TovR

AnkriS

2006 DNA methylation and targeting of LINE retrotransposons in Entamoeba histolytica and Entamoeba invadens. Mol Biochem Parasitol 147 55 63

21. HoltA

WoldF

1961 The isolation and characterization of rabbit muscle enolase. J Biol Chem 236 3227 3231

22. SaavedraE

EncaladaR

PinedaE

Jasso-ChavezR

Moreno-SanchezR

2005 Glycolysis in Entamoeba histolytica. Biochemical characterization of recombinant glycolytic enzymes and flux control analysis. FEBS J 272 1767 1783

23. RiahiY

Siman-TovR

AnkriS

2004 Molecular cloning, expression and characterization of a serine proteinase inhibitor gene from Entamoeba histolytica. Mol Biochem Parasitol 133 153 162

24. LaviT

IsakovE

HaronyH

FisherO

Siman-TovR

2006 Sensing DNA methylation in the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica. Mol Microbiol 62 1373 1386

25. ArhetsP

GounonP

SansonettiP

NaG

1995 Myosin II is involved in capping and uroid formation in the human pathogen Entamoeba histolytica. Infection and Immunity 63 4358 4367

26. DastidarPG

MajumderS

AL

2007 Eh Klp5 is a divergent member of the kinesin 5 family that regulates genome content and microtubular assembly in Entamoeba histolytica. Cell Microbiol 9 316 328

27. HermannA

SchmittS

JeltschA

2003 The human Dnmt2 has residual DNA-(cytosine-C5) methyltransferase activity. J Biol Chem 278 31717 31721

28. BoëlG

PichereauV

MijakovicI

MazéA

PoncetS

2004 Is 2-phosphoglycerate-dependent automodification of bacterial enolases implicated in their export. Journal of molecular biology 2 485 496

29. GerltJA

BabbittPC

RaymentI

2005 Divergent evolution in the enolase superfamily: the interplay of mechanism and specificity. Arch Biochem Biophys 433 59 70

30. LaviT

Siman-TovR

AnkriS

2008 EhMLBP is an essential constituent of the Entamoeba histolytica epigenetic machinery and a potential drug target. Molecular Microbiol 69 55 66

31. KimJ

DangC

2005 Multifaceted roles of glycolytic enzymes. Trends Biochem Sci 30 142 150

32. CommichauFM

RotheFM

HerzbergC

WagnerE

HellwigD

2009 Novel activities of glycolytic enzymes in Bacillus subtilis: interactions with essential proteins involved in mRNA processing. Mol Cell Proteomics 8 1350 1360

33. CarreroJC

PetrossianP

AcostaE

Sanchez-ZerpaM

Ortiz-OrtizL

2000 Cloning and characterization of Entamoeba histolytica antigens recognized by human secretory IgA antibodies. Parasitol Res 86 330 334

34. PancholiV

FischettiVA

1998 alpha-enolase, a novel strong plasmin(ogen) binding protein on the surface of pathogenic streptococci. J Biol Chem 273 14503 14515

35. PancholiV

2001 Multifunctional alpha-enolase: its role in diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 58 902 920

36. GassnerC

Schneider-ScherzerE

LottspeichF

SchweigerM

SchweigerM

1998 Escherichia coli bacteriophage T1 DNA methyltransferase appears to interact with Escherichia coli enolase. Biol Chem 379 621 623

37. EntelisN

BrandinaI

KamenskiP

KrasheninnikovI

MartinR

2006 A glycolytic enzyme, enolase, is recruited as a cofactor of tRNA targeting toward mitochondria in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genes and Development 5 1609 1620

38. ZhangX

VerdineGL

1996 Mammalian DNA cytosine-5 methyltransferase interacts with p23 protein. FEBS Lett 392 179 183

39. EsteveP

ChinH

PradhanS

2005 Human maintenance DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase and p53 modulate expression of p53-repressed promoters. Proc Natl Acad Sci U SA 102 1000 1005

40. Kang Ht Fau - HwangES

HwangES

2006 2-Deoxyglucose: an anticancer and antiviral therapeutic, but not any more a low glucose mimetic.

41. ThepsuparungsikulV

SengL

BaileyGB

1971 Differentiation of Entamoeba: encystation of E. invadens in monoxenic and axenic cultures. J Parasitol 57 1288 1292

42. GrummtI

LadurnerAG

2008 A metabolic throttle regulates the epigenetic state of rDNA. Cell 133 577 580

43. OoiSK

BestorTH

2008 The colorful history of active DNA demethylation. Cell 133 1145 1148

44. GehringM

ReikW

HenikoffS

2009 DNA demethylation by DNA repair. Trends Genet 25 82 90

45. MorganHD

SantosF

GreenK

DeanW

ReikW

2005 Epigenetic reprogramming in mammals. Hum Mol Genet 14 Spec No 1 R47 58

46. SchlegelR

IversenP

RechsteinerM

1978 The turnover of tRNAs microinjected into animal cells. Nucleic Acids Res 3715 3729

47. MjJ

BystromAS

2002 Dual function of the tRNA(m(5)U54)methyltransferase in tRNA maturation. RNA 8 324 335

48. StudteP

ZinkS

JablonowskiD

BarC

von der HaarT

2008 tRNA and protein methylase complexes mediate zymocin toxicity in yeast. Mol Microbiol 69 1266 1277

49. BegleyU

DyavaiahM

PatilA

RooneyJP

DiRenzoD

2007 Trm9-catalyzed tRNA modifications link translation to the DNA damage response. Mol Cell 28 860 870

50. JablonowskiD

ZinkS

MehlgartenC

DaumG

SchaffrathR

2006 tRNAGlu wobble uridine methylation by Trm9 identifies Elongator's key role for zymocin-induced cell death in yeast. Mol Microbiol 59 677 688

51. LeeC

KramerG

GrahamDE

ApplingDR

2007 Yeast mitochondrial initiator tRNA is methylated at guanosine 37 by the Trm5-encoded tRNA (guanine-N1-)-methyltransferase. J Biol Chem 282 27744 27753

52. FisherO

Siman-TovR

AnkriS

2006 Pleiotropic phenotype in Entamoeba histolytica overexpressing DNA methyltransferase (Ehmeth). Mol Biochem Parasitol 147 48 54

53. HamannL

NickelR

TannichE

1995 Transfection and continuous expression of heterologous genes in the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica. Proc Natl Acad Sci U SA 92 8975 8979

54. GietzR

SchiestlR

2007 High-efficiency yeast transformation using the LiAc/SS carrier DNA/PEG method. Nat Protoc 2 31 34

55. BradfordMM

1976 A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem 72 248 254

56. AnthonGE

BarrettDM

2003 Modified method for the determination of pyruvic acid with dinitrophenylhydrazine in the assessment of onion pungency. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 83 1210 1213

57. ShevchenkoA

WilmM

VormO

MannM

1996 Mass spectrometric sequencing of proteins silver-stained polyacrylamide gels. Anal Chem 68 850 858

Štítky
Hygiena a epidemiológia Infekčné lekárstvo Laboratórium

Článok vyšiel v časopise

PLOS Pathogens


2010 Číslo 2
Najčítanejšie tento týždeň
Najčítanejšie v tomto čísle
Kurzy

Zvýšte si kvalifikáciu online z pohodlia domova

Aktuální možnosti diagnostiky a léčby litiáz
nový kurz
Autori: MUDr. Tomáš Ürge, PhD.

Všetky kurzy
Prihlásenie
Zabudnuté heslo

Zadajte e-mailovú adresu, s ktorou ste vytvárali účet. Budú Vám na ňu zasielané informácie k nastaveniu nového hesla.

Prihlásenie

Nemáte účet?  Registrujte sa

#ADS_BOTTOM_SCRIPTS#