Apoplastic Venom Allergen-like Proteins of Cyst Nematodes Modulate the Activation of Basal Plant Innate Immunity by Cell Surface Receptors

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Plant-parasitic nematodes have a major impact on global food security, as they reduce the annual yield of food crops by approximately 10 percent. For decades, the application of non-selective toxic chemicals to infested soils controlled outbreaks of plant-parasitic nematodes. The recent bans on most of these chemicals has redirected attention towards a wider use of basal, broad-spectrum immunity to nematodes in crop cultivars. However, it is currently not known if this most ancient layer of immunity affects host invasion by plant-parasitic nematodes at all. Basal immunity in plants relies on the detection of molecular patterns uniquely associated with infections in the apoplast by surface-localized receptors. Here, we demonstrate that venom allergen-like proteins in secretions of soil-borne cyst nematodes suppress immune responses mediated by surface-localized pattern recognition receptors. Migratory stages of cyst nematodes most likely deliver venom allergen-like proteins together with a range of plant cell wall-degrading enzymes into the apoplast of host cells. We therefore conclude that these nematodes most likely secrete venom allergen-like proteins to modulate host responses triggered by the release of immunogenic fragments of damaged plant cell walls.

Vyšlo v časopise: Apoplastic Venom Allergen-like Proteins of Cyst Nematodes Modulate the Activation of Basal Plant Innate Immunity by Cell Surface Receptors. PLoS Pathog 10(12): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1004569
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004569

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