The Central Role of cAMP in Regulating Merozoite Invasion of Human Erythrocytes

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The blood stage of malaria parasites is responsible for all the morbidity and mortality associated with malaria. During the blood stage, malaria parasites invade and multiply within host erythrocytes. The process of erythrocyte invasion requires specific interactions between host receptors and parasite ligands. Many of the key parasite proteins that bind host receptors are localized in apical organelles called micronemes. Here, we demonstrate that cAMP serves as a key regulator that controls the timely secretion of microneme proteins during invasion. We show that exposure of merozoites to a low K+ environment, as found in blood plasma, leads to a rise in cytosolic cAMP levels due to activation of the cytoplasmic, bicarbonate-sensitive adenylyl cyclase β (PfACβ). A rise in cAMP activates protein kinase A (PKA), which regulates microneme secretion. In addition, cAMP triggers a rise in cytosolic Ca2+ levels through the Epac pathway. Increases in both cAMP and Ca2+ levels are essential for triggering microneme secretion. Identification of the different elements in the cAMP-dependent signaling pathways that regulate microneme secretion during invasion provides novel targets to block erythrocyte invasion, inhibit blood stage parasite growth and prevent malaria.

Vyšlo v časopise: The Central Role of cAMP in Regulating Merozoite Invasion of Human Erythrocytes. PLoS Pathog 10(12): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1004520
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004520

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