The Role of -Mediated Epigenetic Silencing in the Population Dynamics of Transposable Elements in

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The piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are small RNAs that can suppress the expression of selfish transposable elements (TEs) in many animal genomes. One mechanism by which piRNAs silence TEs is through the formation of heterochromatin, which is condensed chromatin and generally associated with repressed gene expression. Several functional studies have demonstrated that piRNA-mediated heterochromatin of TEs can spread to adjacent genes. We hypothesized that this spread of TE-induced heterochromatin influences the function of adjacent genes, ultimately resulting in selection against individual TEs. Consistent with our hypothesis, we found that sequences and genes adjacent to TEs are enriched in heterochromatic marks. We determine that this TE-induced variation in epigenetic status is probably piRNA-dependent and that this change in chromatin state influences the expression levels of adjacent genes. Importantly, TEs that lead to higher heterochromatin enrichment of adjacent genes are more strongly selected against, demonstrating the evolutionary consequences of TE-induced epigenetic silencing. In contrast to previously studied deleterious impacts of TEs, which depend on TEs’ physical disruptions of DNAs, our proposed functional effect of TEs is mediated through their epigenetic influence. Our study suggests that the piRNA-dependent epigenetic impact of TEs may play an important role in the evolutionary dynamics of TEs.

Vyšlo v časopise: The Role of -Mediated Epigenetic Silencing in the Population Dynamics of Transposable Elements in. PLoS Genet 11(6): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005269
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1005269

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