Wnt Signaling Interacts with Bmp and Edn1 to Regulate Dorsal-Ventral Patterning and Growth of the Craniofacial Skeleton

English version České info

Craniofacial abnormalities are among the most common birth defects. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying craniofacial disorders is crucial for developing treatment strategies. Much of the craniofacial skeleton arises from specialized embryonic structures known as pharyngeal arches. Patterning of these arches requires precise spatial and temporal expression of multiple genes, which is coordinated between tissues by secreted signals. Wnts are secreted ligands expressed throughout the pharyngeal arches yet their role in craniofacial patterning remains unclear. In this study we examine the role of Wnts in craniofacial patterning using transgenic zebrafish to inhibit downstream Wnt signaling. We show that Wnt signaling deficient embryos have lower jaw specific defects, which strongly resembles loss-of-function phenotypes in both the Bmp and Edn1 signaling pathways. Through rescue experiments we find that Wnts are upstream regulators of both Bmp and Edn1 signaling. We thus have uncovered a crucial requirement for Wnt signaling in craniofacial patterning.

Vyšlo v časopise: Wnt Signaling Interacts with Bmp and Edn1 to Regulate Dorsal-Ventral Patterning and Growth of the Craniofacial Skeleton. PLoS Genet 10(7): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004479
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1004479

Souhrn

Zdroje

1. SchillingTF, KnightRD (2001) Origins of anteroposterior patterning and Hox gene regulation during chordate evolution. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 356: 1599–1613.

2. HuntP, GulisanoM, CookM, ShamMH, FaiellaA, et al. (1991) A distinct Hox code for the branchial region of the vertebrate head. Nature 353: 861–864.

3. OlssonL, EricssonR, CernyR (2005) Vertebrate head development: segmentation, novelties, and homology. Theory Biosci 124: 145–163.

4. TuckerAS, YamadaG, GrigoriouM, PachnisV, SharpePT (1999) Fgf-8 determines rostral-caudal polarity in the first branchial arch. Development 126: 51–61.

5. TrumppA, DepewMJ, RubensteinJL, BishopJM, MartinGR (1999) Cre-mediated gene inactivation demonstrates that FGF8 is required for cell survival and patterning of the first branchial arch. Genes Dev 13: 3136–3148.

6. CreuzetS, SchulerB, CoulyG, Le DouarinNM (2004) Reciprocal relationships between Fgf8 and neural crest cells in facial and forebrain development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101: 4843–4847.

7. CoulyG, CreuzetS, BennaceurS, VincentC, Le DouarinNM (2002) Interactions between Hox-negative cephalic neural crest cells and the foregut endoderm in patterning the facial skeleton in the vertebrate head. Development 129: 1061–1073.

8. AlexanderJ, RothenbergM, HenryGL, StainierDY (1999) casanova plays an early and essential role in endoderm formation in zebrafish. Dev Biol 215: 343–357.

9. DavidNB, Saint-EtienneL, TsangM, SchillingTF, RosaFM (2002) Requirement for endoderm and FGF3 in ventral head skeleton formation. Development 129: 4457–4468.

10. PiotrowskiT, Nusslein-VolhardC (2000) The endoderm plays an important role in patterning the segmented pharyngeal region in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Dev Biol 225: 339–356.

11. BritoJM, TeilletMA, Le DouarinNM (2006) An early role for sonic hedgehog from foregut endoderm in jaw development: ensuring neural crest cell survival. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103: 11607–11612.

12. SwartzME, NguyenV, McCarthyNQ, EberhartJK (2012) Hh signaling regulates patterning and morphogenesis of the pharyngeal arch-derived skeleton. Dev Biol 369: 65–75.

13. BalczerskiB, MatsutaniM, CastilloP, OsborneN, StainierDY, et al. (2012) Analysis of sphingosine-1-phosphate signaling mutants reveals endodermal requirements for the growth but not dorsoventral patterning of jaw skeletal precursors. Dev Biol 362: 230–241.

14. WadaN, JavidanY, NelsonS, CarneyTJ, KelshRN, et al. (2005) Hedgehog signaling is required for cranial neural crest morphogenesis and chondrogenesis at the midline in the zebrafish skull. Development 132: 3977–3988.

15. Eberhart JK, Swartz ME, Crump JG, Kimmel CB (2006) Early Hedgehog signaling from neural to oral epithelium organizes anterior craniofacial development. Development. England. pp. 1069–1077.

16. MillerCT, SchillingTF, LeeK, ParkerJ, KimmelCB (2000) sucker encodes a zebrafish Endothelin-1 required for ventral pharyngeal arch development. Development 127: 3815–3828.

17. MillerCT, YelonD, StainierDY, KimmelCB (2003) Two endothelin 1 effectors, hand2 and bapx1, pattern ventral pharyngeal cartilage and the jaw joint. Development 130: 1353–1365.

18. NairS, LiW, CornellR, SchillingTF (2007) Requirements for Endothelin type-A receptors and Endothelin-1 signaling in the facial ectoderm for the patterning of skeletogenic neural crest cells in zebrafish. Development 134: 335–345.

19. AlexanderC, ZunigaE, BlitzIL, WadaN, Le PabicP, et al. (2011) Combinatorial roles for BMPs and Endothelin 1 in patterning the dorsal-ventral axis of the craniofacial skeleton. Development 138: 5135–5146.

20. ZunigaE, RippenM, AlexanderC, SchillingTF, CrumpJG (2011) Gremlin 2 regulates distinct roles of BMP and Endothelin 1 signaling in dorsoventral patterning of the facial skeleton. Development 138: 5147–5156.

21. MedeirosDM, CrumpJG (2012) New perspectives on pharyngeal dorsoventral patterning in development and evolution of the vertebrate jaw. Dev Biol 371: 121–135.

22. ClouthierDE, GarciaE, SchillingTF (2010) Regulation of facial morphogenesis by endothelin signaling: Insights from mice and fish. Am J Med Genet A 152A: 2962–2973.

23. LiuW, SunX, BrautA, MishinaY, BehringerRR, et al. (2005) Distinct functions for Bmp signaling in lip and palate fusion in mice. Development 132: 1453–1461.

24. RiederMJ, GreenGE, ParkSS, StamperBD, GordonCT, et al. (2012) A human homeotic transformation resulting from mutations in PLCB4 and GNAI3 causes auriculocondylar syndrome. Am J Hum Genet 90: 907–914.

25. ClouthierDE, HosodaK, RichardsonJA, WilliamsSC, YanagisawaH, et al. (1998) Cranial and cardiac neural crest defects in endothelin-A receptor-deficient mice. Development 125: 813–824.

26. ClouthierDE, WilliamsSC, YanagisawaH, WieduwiltM, RichardsonJA, et al. (2000) Signaling pathways crucial for craniofacial development revealed by endothelin-A receptor-deficient mice. Dev Biol 217: 10–24.

27. YanagisawaH, YanagisawaM, KapurRP, RichardsonJA, WilliamsSC, et al. (1998) Dual genetic pathways of endothelin-mediated intercellular signaling revealed by targeted disruption of endothelin converting enzyme-1 gene. Development 125: 825–836.

28. ZunigaE, StellabotteF, CrumpJG (2010) Jagged-Notch signaling ensures dorsal skeletal identity in the vertebrate face. Development 137: 1843–1852.

29. SummerhurstK, StarkM, SharpeJ, DavidsonD, MurphyP (2008) 3D representation of Wnt and Frizzled gene expression patterns in the mouse embryo at embryonic day 11.5 (Ts19). Gene Expr Patterns 8: 331–348.

30. JezewskiPA, FangPK, Payne-FerreiraTL, YelickPC (2008) Zebrafish Wnt9b synteny and expression during first and second arch, heart, and pectoral fin bud morphogenesis. Zebrafish 5: 169–177.

31. Geetha-LoganathanP, NimmagaddaS, AntoniL, FuK, WhitingCJ, et al. (2009) Expression of WNT signalling pathway genes during chicken craniofacial development. Dev Dyn 238: 1150–1165.

32. CurtinE, HickeyG, KamelG, DavidsonAJ, LiaoEC (2011) Zebrafish wnt9a is expressed in pharyngeal ectoderm and is required for palate and lower jaw development. Mech Dev 128: 104–115.

33. NikaidoM, LawEW, KelshRN (2013) A systematic survey of expression and function of zebrafish frizzled genes. PLoS One 8: e54833.

34. SissonBE, TopczewskiJ (2009) Expression of five frizzleds during zebrafish craniofacial development. Gene Expr Patterns 9: 520–527.

35. VendrellV, SummerhurstK, SharpeJ, DavidsonD, MurphyP (2009) Gene expression analysis of canonical Wnt pathway transcriptional regulators during early morphogenesis of the facial region in the mouse embryo. Gene Expr Patterns 9: 296–305.

36. BrugmannSA, GoodnoughLH, GregorieffA, LeuchtP, ten BergeD, et al. (2007) Wnt signaling mediates regional specification in the vertebrate face. Development 134: 3283–3295.

37. ManiP, JarrellA, MyersJ, AtitR (2010) Visualizing canonical Wnt signaling during mouse craniofacial development. Dev Dyn 239: 354–363.

38. LaBonneC, Bronner-FraserM (1999) Molecular mechanisms of neural crest formation. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 15: 81–112.

39. Garcia-CastroMI, MarcelleC, Bronner-FraserM (2002) Ectodermal Wnt function as a neural crest inducer. Science 297: 848–851.

40. AybarMJ, MayorR (2002) Early induction of neural crest cells: lessons learned from frog, fish and chick. Curr Opin Genet Dev 12: 452–458.

41. LewisJL, BonnerJ, ModrellM, RaglandJW, MoonRT, et al. (2004) Reiterated Wnt signaling during zebrafish neural crest development. Development 131: 1299–1308.

42. DeardorffMA, TanC, Saint-JeannetJP, KleinPS (2001) A role for frizzled 3 in neural crest development. Development 128: 3655–3663.

43. IkeyaM, LeeSM, JohnsonJE, McMahonAP, TakadaS (1997) Wnt signalling required for expansion of neural crest and CNS progenitors. Nature 389: 966–970.

44. ReidBS, YangH, MelvinVS, TaketoMM, WilliamsT (2011) Ectodermal Wnt/beta-catenin signaling shapes the mouse face. Dev Biol 349: 261–269.

45. BraultV, MooreR, KutschS, IshibashiM, RowitchDH, et al. (2001) Inactivation of the beta-catenin gene by Wnt1-Cre-mediated deletion results in dramatic brain malformation and failure of craniofacial development. Development 128: 1253–1264.

46. ChiquetBT, BlantonSH, BurtA, MaD, StalS, et al. (2008) Variation in WNT genes is associated with non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate. Hum Mol Genet 17: 2212–2218.

47. ShuW, GuttentagS, WangZ, AndlT, BallardP, et al. (2005) Wnt/beta-catenin signaling acts upstream of N-myc, BMP4, and FGF signaling to regulate proximal-distal patterning in the lung. Dev Biol 283: 226–239.

48. ten BergeD, BrugmannSA, HelmsJA, NusseR (2008) Wnt and FGF signals interact to coordinate growth with cell fate specification during limb development. Development 135: 3247–3257.

49. MoroE, Ozhan-KizilG, MongeraA, BeisD, WierzbickiC, et al. (2012) In vivo Wnt signaling tracing through a transgenic biosensor fish reveals novel activity domains. Dev Biol 366: 327–340.

50. Stoick-CooperCL, WeidingerG, RiehleKJ, HubbertC, MajorMB, et al. (2007) Distinct Wnt signaling pathways have opposing roles in appendage regeneration. Development 134: 479–489.

51. GlinkaA, WuW, DeliusH, MonaghanAP, BlumenstockC, et al. (1998) Dickkopf-1 is a member of a new family of secreted proteins and functions in head induction. Nature 391: 357–362.

52. SemenovMV, TamaiK, BrottBK, KuhlM, SokolS, et al. (2001) Head inducer Dickkopf-1 is a ligand for Wnt coreceptor LRP6. Curr Biol 11: 951–961.

53. FilaliM, ChengN, AbbottD, LeontievV, EngelhardtJF (2002) Wnt-3A/beta-catenin signaling induces transcription from the LEF-1 promoter. J Biol Chem 277: 33398–33410.

54. VadlamudiU, EspinozaHM, GangaM, MartinDM, LiuX, et al. (2005) PITX2, beta-catenin and LEF-1 interact to synergistically regulate the LEF-1 promoter. J Cell Sci 118: 1129–1137.

55. MeijerL, SkaltsounisAL, MagiatisP, PolychronopoulosP, KnockaertM, et al. (2003) GSK-3-selective inhibitors derived from Tyrian purple indirubins. Chem Biol 10: 1255–1266.

56. MagaG, HubscherU (2003) Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA): a dancer with many partners. J Cell Sci 116: 3051–3060.

57. HendzelMJ, WeiY, ManciniMA, Van HooserA, RanalliT, et al. (1997) Mitosis-specific phosphorylation of histone H3 initiates primarily within pericentromeric heterochromatin during G2 and spreads in an ordered fashion coincident with mitotic chromosome condensation. Chromosoma 106: 348–360.

58. ThomasT, KuriharaH, YamagishiH, KuriharaY, YazakiY, et al. (1998) A signaling cascade involving endothelin-1, dHAND and msx1 regulates development of neural-crest-derived branchial arch mesenchyme. Development 125: 3005–3014.

59. ParkSO, LeeYJ, SekiT, HongKH, FliessN, et al. (2008) ALK5- and TGFBR2-independent role of ALK1 in the pathogenesis of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia type 2. Blood 111: 633–642.

60. CaneparoL, HuangYL, StaudtN, TadaM, AhrendtR, et al. (2007) Dickkopf-1 regulates gastrulation movements by coordinated modulation of Wnt/beta catenin and Wnt/PCP activities, through interaction with the Dally-like homolog Knypek. Genes Dev 21: 465–480.

61. UntergasserG, MartowiczA, HermannM, TochterleS, MeyerD (2011) Distinct expression patterns of dickkopf genes during late embryonic development of Danio rerio. Gene Expr Patterns 11: 491–500.

62. JhoEH, ZhangT, DomonC, JooCK, FreundJN, et al. (2002) Wnt/beta-catenin/Tcf signaling induces the transcription of Axin2, a negative regulator of the signaling pathway. Mol Cell Biol 22: 1172–1183.

63. StantonBR, PerkinsAS, TessarolloL, SassoonDA, ParadaLF (1992) Loss of N-myc function results in embryonic lethality and failure of the epithelial component of the embryo to develop. Genes Dev 6: 2235–2247.

64. HirningU, SchmidP, SchulzWA, RettenbergerG, HameisterH (1991) A comparative analysis of N-myc and c-myc expression and cellular proliferation in mouse organogenesis. Mech Dev 33: 119–125.

65. DorskyRI, MoonRT, RaibleDW (1998) Control of neural crest cell fate by the Wnt signalling pathway. Nature 396: 370–373.

66. JinYR, TurcotteTJ, CrockerAL, HanXH, YoonJK (2011) The canonical Wnt signaling activator, R-spondin2, regulates craniofacial patterning and morphogenesis within the branchial arch through ectodermal-mesenchymal interaction. Dev Biol 352: 1–13.

67. HeF, XiongW, YuX, Espinoza-LewisR, LiuC, et al. (2008) Wnt5a regulates directional cell migration and cell proliferation via Ror2-mediated noncanonical pathway in mammalian palate development. Development 135: 3871–3879.

68. LancasterMA, GopalDJ, KimJ, SaleemSN, SilhavyJL, et al. (2011) Defective Wnt-dependent cerebellar midline fusion in a mouse model of Joubert syndrome. Nat Med 17: 726–731.

69. TzahorE, KempfH, MootoosamyRC, PoonAC, AbzhanovA, et al. (2003) Antagonists of Wnt and BMP signaling promote the formation of vertebrate head muscle. Genes Dev 17: 3087–3099.

70. NakashimaA, KatagiriT, TamuraM (2005) Cross-talk between Wnt and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) signaling in differentiation pathway of C2C12 myoblasts. J Biol Chem 280: 37660–37668.

71. SoshnikovaN, ZechnerD, HuelskenJ, MishinaY, BehringerRR, et al. (2003) Genetic interaction between Wnt/beta-catenin and BMP receptor signaling during formation of the AER and the dorsal-ventral axis in the limb. Genes Dev 17: 1963–1968.

72. SongL, LiY, WangK, WangYZ, MolotkovA, et al. (2009) Lrp6-mediated canonical Wnt signaling is required for lip formation and fusion. Development 136: 3161–3171.

73. ChariteJ, McFaddenDG, MerloG, LeviG, ClouthierDE, et al. (2001) Role of Dlx6 in regulation of an endothelin-1-dependent, dHAND branchial arch enhancer. Genes Dev 15: 3039–3049.

74. HowardMJ, StankeM, SchneiderC, WuX, RohrerH (2000) The transcription factor dHAND is a downstream effector of BMPs in sympathetic neuron specification. Development 127: 4073–4081.

75. XiongW, HeF, MorikawaY, YuX, ZhangZ, et al. (2009) Hand2 is required in the epithelium for palatogenesis in mice. Dev Biol 330: 131–141.

76. AbeM, MichikamiI, FukushiT, AbeA, MaedaY, et al. (2010) Hand2 regulates chondrogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Bone 46: 1359–1368.

77. DaneshSM, VillasenorA, ChongD, SoukupC, CleaverO (2009) BMP and BMP receptor expression during murine organogenesis. Gene Expr Patterns 9: 255–265.

78. ChenD, JiX, HarrisMA, FengJQ, KarsentyG, et al. (1998) Differential roles for bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor type IB and IA in differentiation and specification of mesenchymal precursor cells to osteoblast and adipocyte lineages. J Cell Biol 142: 295–305.

79. KapsC, HoffmannA, ZilbermanY, PelledG, HauplT, et al. (2004) Distinct roles of BMP receptors Type IA and IB in osteo-/chondrogenic differentiation in mesenchymal progenitors (C3H10T1/2). Biofactors 20: 71–84.

80. MishinaY, SuzukiA, UenoN, BehringerRR (1995) Bmpr encodes a type I bone morphogenetic protein receptor that is essential for gastrulation during mouse embryogenesis. Genes Dev 9: 3027–3037.

81. GuZ, ReynoldsEM, SongJ, LeiH, FeijenA, et al. (1999) The type I serine/threonine kinase receptor ActRIA (ALK2) is required for gastrulation of the mouse embryo. Development 126: 2551–2561.

82. JuriloffDM, HarrisMJ (2008) Mouse genetic models of cleft lip with or without cleft palate. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 82: 63–77.

83. DepewMJ, SimpsonCA, MorassoM, RubensteinJL (2005) Reassessing the Dlx code: the genetic regulation of branchial arch skeletal pattern and development. J Anat 207: 501–561.

84. FavaroFP, Zechi-CeideRM, AlvarezCW, MaximinoLP, AntunesLF, et al. (2011) Richieri-Costa-Pereira syndrome: a unique acrofacial dysostosis type. An overview of the Brazilian cases. Am J Med Genet A 155A: 322–331.

85. AkimenkoMA, EkkerM, WegnerJ, LinW, WesterfieldM (1994) Combinatorial expression of three zebrafish genes related to distal-less: part of a homeobox gene code for the head. J Neurosci 14: 3475–3486.

86. Loeb-HennardC, KremmerE, Bally-CuifL (2005) Prominent transcription of zebrafish N-myc (nmyc1) in tectal and retinal growth zones during embryonic and early larval development. Gene Expr Patterns 5: 341–347.

87. YelonD, TichoB, HalpernME, RuvinskyI, HoRK, et al. (2000) The bHLH transcription factor hand2 plays parallel roles in zebrafish heart and pectoral fin development. Development 127: 2573–2582.

88. EssnerJJ, BranfordWW, ZhangJ, YostHJ (2000) Mesendoderm and left-right brain, heart and gut development are differentially regulated by pitx2 isoforms. Development 127: 1081–1093.