Widespread Genome Reorganization of an Obligate Virus Mutualist

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Microorganisms form obligate associations with multicellular organisms that range from antagonistic (parasitic) to beneficial (mutualists). Although numerous examples of obligate, mutualistic bacteria, fungi, and protozoans exist, viruses are thought to usually form parasitic associations. An exception is the family Polydnaviridae, which consists of large DNA viruses that have evolved into mutualists of insects called parasitoid wasps. Each wasp species relies on its associated polydnavirus to parasitize hosts while each polydnavirus relies on its wasp for transmission. Polydnaviruses in the genus Bracovirus evolved approximately 100 million years ago from a group of viruses called nudiviruses, which are closely related to another large family of viruses called baculoviruses that are virulent pathogens of insects. Bracoviruses are of interest, therefore, because they provide a study system for examining how evolution into mutualists affects the structure and function of viral genomes. In this study, we sequenced the genome of the wasp Microplitis demolitor to characterize the proviral genome of M. demolitor bracovirus (MdBV). While the viral ancestor of bracoviruses possessed an independent circular genome, the proviral genome of MdBV is widely dispersed in the genome of M. demolitor. Our results also provide new insights into how the MdBV genome functions to produce virus particles that wasps rely upon to parasitize host insects.

Vyšlo v časopise: Widespread Genome Reorganization of an Obligate Virus Mutualist. PLoS Genet 10(9): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004660
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1004660

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