Protein Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation Regulates Immune Gene Expression and Defense Responses

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Fine-tuning of gene expression is a key feature of successful immune responses. However, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Through a genetic screen in model plant Arabidopsis, we reveal that protein poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) post-translational modification plays a pivotal role in controlling plant immune gene expression and defense to pathogen attacks. PARylation is primarily mediated by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), which transfers ADP-ribose moieties from NAD+ to acceptor proteins. The covalently attached poly(ADP-ribose) polymers on the accept proteins could be hydrolyzed by poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG). We further show that members of Arabidopsis PARPs and PARGs possess differential in vivo and in vitro enzymatic activities. Importantly, the Arabidopsis parp mutant displayed reduced, whereas parg mutant displayed enhanced, immune gene activation and immunity to pathogen infection. Moreover, Arabidopsis PARP2 activity is elevated upon pathogen signal perception. Compared to the lethality of their mammalian counterparts, the viability and normal growth of Arabidopsis parp and parg null mutants provide a unique genetic system to understand protein PARylation in diverse biological processes at the whole organism level.

Vyšlo v časopise: Protein Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation Regulates Immune Gene Expression and Defense Responses. PLoS Genet 11(1): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004936
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1004936

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