Neuronal Interferon Signaling Is Required for Protection against Herpes Simplex Virus Replication and Pathogenesis

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Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a ubiquitous virus that can cause cold sores, blindness, and even death from encephalitis. There is no vaccine against HSV, and although antiviral drugs can control HSV-1, it persists because it establishes lifelong latent infections in neurons. Humans with deficiencies in innate immunity have significant problems controlling HSV infections. In this study we therefore sought to elucidate the role of neuronal innate immunity in the control of viral infection. Sensory neurons, in which HSV resides, have projection which that extend long distances to innervate the skin, the initial site of HSV infection. We found that neurons can respond to interferon beta, a molecule that strongly stimulates innate immunity and inhibits virus growth, at both the cell body and at the end of these long projections. Moreover, we found that this interferon response of neurons is critical for controlling HSV infection in vivo and that the interferon responses of non-neuronal cells are insufficient to provide protection. Our results have important implications for understanding how the nervous system defends itself against virus infections.

Vyšlo v časopise: Neuronal Interferon Signaling Is Required for Protection against Herpes Simplex Virus Replication and Pathogenesis. PLoS Pathog 11(7): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1005028
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005028

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