Suppression of RNAi by dsRNA-Degrading RNaseIII Enzymes of Viruses in Animals and Plants

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism activated by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Cellular dsRNA-specific RNaseIII enzymes (Dicer) recognize dsRNA and process it into double-stranded small interfering RNAs (ds-siRNAs) of 21–25 nucleotides (nt). siRNAs guide RNAi to degrade also single-stranded RNA homologous to the trigger. RNAi regulates gene expression, controls transposons, and represents an important antiviral defense mechanism. Therefore, viruses encode proteins dedicated to countering RNAi. In this study, the RNaseIII enzymes of a fish DNA virus (PPIV) and a plant RNA virus (SPCSV) were compared for suppression of RNAi in non-host organisms. The fish iridovirus RNaseIII suppressed RNAi in a plant and a nematode. It also enhanced accumulation of an RNAi suppressor deficient virus in plants, and suppressed antiviral RNAi and could rescue multiplication of an unrelated, RNAi suppressor-defective virus in nematodes. In contrast, the plant virus RNaseIII could suppress RNAi only in plants. Our results underscore that the active viral RNaseIII enzymes suppress RNAi. Their activity in suppression of RNAi seems to differ for the spectrum of unrelated organisms. Understanding of this novel mechanism of RNAi suppression may inform means of controlling the diseases and economic losses which the RNaseIII-containing viruses cause in animal and plant production.

Vyšlo v časopise: Suppression of RNAi by dsRNA-Degrading RNaseIII Enzymes of Viruses in Animals and Plants. PLoS Pathog 11(3): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1004711
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004711

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