Adenovirus Entry From the Apical Surface of Polarized Epithelia Is Facilitated by the Host Innate Immune Response

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Respiratory viral infection is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Interventions that are able to limit viral infection will enhance human health and productivity. However, the mechanisms that control our susceptibility to viral infection and the factors that allow viral pathogens to breach the exterior epithelial barrier to initiate infection are not well understood. Here we find that adenovirus, a common cold virus and a potential gene therapy vector, uses a cellular receptor that is induced by the host innate immune response. Moreover, neutrophils, cells that are meant to protect the host in the early phase of an innate immune response, instead facilitate adenovirus infection. It has been known for over 15 years that adenovirus itself can induce an innate immune response and specifically induce host cell secretion of IL-8, a critical chemokine that attracts neutrophils to sites of infection. However, until now, it has been unclear how IL-8 induction might benefit the virus. Our data indicate that adenovirus evolved to use our innate defense system to enhance entry into the epithelium and identifies the apical adenovirus receptor as a new target that may modulate inflammatory disease.

Vyšlo v časopise: Adenovirus Entry From the Apical Surface of Polarized Epithelia Is Facilitated by the Host Innate Immune Response. PLoS Pathog 11(3): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1004696
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004696

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