The Causes and Consequences of Changes in Virulence following Pathogen Host Shifts

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Many emerging infectious diseases are the result of a host shift, with the pathogen jumping into the new host from another species. Virulence—the harm a pathogen does to its host—can be extremely high following a host shift (for example HIV, SARs and Ebola), while other host shifts may go undetected as they cause few symptoms in the new host. We have found that variation in virulence following host shifts can be extremely large and were highly predictable from the host phylogeny, with hosts clustering together in distinct clades displaying high or low virulence. These changes in virulence result from changes in viral load, and therefore the transmission potential of the virus. This suggests there is no clear rule to predict whether a pathogen will be virulent in a novel host. However, it does suggest a simple rule of thumb may be that if a pathogen causes high levels of virulence in any given host species, it will typically cause similar levels of virulence in closely related hosts.

Vyšlo v časopise: The Causes and Consequences of Changes in Virulence following Pathogen Host Shifts. PLoS Pathog 11(3): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1004728
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1004728

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