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preLekára.sk / Odborné časopisy / PLOS Genetics / 2014 - 10

Ancient Expansion of the Hox Cluster in Lepidoptera Generated Four Homeobox Genes Implicated in Extra-Embryonic Tissue Formation

English version České info

We have examined gene duplication in a set of ancient genes used in patterning of animal embryos:
the Hox genes. These genes code for proteins that bind DNA and switch on or off other genes, and they are very similar between distantly related animal species. Butterflies and moths, however, have additional Hox genes whose origin and role has been unclear. We have sequenced the genomes of five species of butterfly and moth, and of a closely related caddisfly, to examine these issues. We found that one of the Hox genes, called zen, duplicated to generate four new genes in the evolution of the largest group of butterflies and moths. Further mutations greatly modified the DNA sequence of the new genes, although maintaining potential to encode stable protein folds. Gene expression also changed so that the new Hox-derived genes are deployed in egg and early embryonic stages marking the tissues that will later envelop, nourish and protect the embryo.

Vyšlo v časopise: Ancient Expansion of the Hox Cluster in Lepidoptera Generated Four Homeobox Genes Implicated in Extra-Embryonic Tissue Formation. PLoS Genet 10(10): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004698
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1004698

Souhrn

We have examined gene duplication in a set of ancient genes used in patterning of animal embryos:
the Hox genes. These genes code for proteins that bind DNA and switch on or off other genes, and they are very similar between distantly related animal species. Butterflies and moths, however, have additional Hox genes whose origin and role has been unclear. We have sequenced the genomes of five species of butterfly and moth, and of a closely related caddisfly, to examine these issues. We found that one of the Hox genes, called zen, duplicated to generate four new genes in the evolution of the largest group of butterflies and moths. Further mutations greatly modified the DNA sequence of the new genes, although maintaining potential to encode stable protein folds. Gene expression also changed so that the new Hox-derived genes are deployed in egg and early embryonic stages marking the tissues that will later envelop, nourish and protect the embryo.

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