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preLekára.sk / Odborné časopisy / PLOS One / 2020 - 1

Merit overrules theory of mind when young children share resources with others

English version

Autoři: James Stack aff001;  Carlos Romero-Rivas aff002
Působiště autorů: Department of Psychology, Liverpool Hope University, Liverpool, United Kingdom aff001;  Department of Evolutive and Educational Psychology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain aff002
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 15(1)
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227375

Souhrn

Non-windfall approaches to sharing demonstrate pre-schoolers’ sensitivity to merit-based distributions of resources. However, such studies have not considered (1) whether epistemic aspects of task performance, such as the relative accuracy of a co-worker, influences pre-schoolers’ rates of sharing; and (2) how children’s emerging social understanding may impact resource allocations in high- and low-merit situations. These issues are of theoretical importance as they may provide new information about the scope of pre-schooler’s merit-based sharing behaviours. Moreover, as social understanding has been related to both increases and decreases in pre-schoolers’ levels of sharing, providing a merit-based assessment of this relationship would allow for a concurrent assessment of recent conflicting findings. In this study, three- and four-year-olds (N = 131) participated in an unexpected transfer task which was followed by a resource generation picture card naming task with a reliable or unreliable (high- or low-merit) co-worker (a hand puppet). The results showed that children engage in more generous rates of sharing with a high-merit co-worker. This suggests that merit-based sharing is apparent in young children and extends to epistemic aspects of task performance. However, such sharing was constrained by a self-serving bias. Finally, we were not able to detect an effect of children’s performance on the false belief task on sharing behaviours in the high- or low-merit trials, suggesting that these behaviours may not be modulated by social understanding during early childhood.

Klíčová slova:

Behavior – Analysis of variance – Children – Theory of mind – Motivation – Prosocial behavior – Dictator game – Ultimatum game

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Článek Rad51 paralogs and the risk of unselected breast cancer: A case-control study
Článek Diagnostic differences in respiratory breathing patterns and work of breathing indices in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Článek The role of narrative in collaborative reasoning and intelligence analysis: A case study
Článek Proportions of CD4 test results indicating advanced HIV disease remain consistently high at primary health care facilities across four high HIV burden countries
Článek Single-modal and multi-modal false arrhythmia alarm reduction using attention-based convolutional and recurrent neural networks
Článek Eye-gaze information input based on pupillary response to visual stimulus with luminance modulation
Článek Post mortem evaluation of inflammation, oxidative stress, and PPARγ activation in a nonhuman primate model of cardiac sympathetic neurodegeneration
Článek Were ancient foxes far more carnivorous than recent ones?—Carnassial morphological evidence
Článek Disruption in daily eating-fasting and activity-rest cycles in Indian adolescents attending school
Článek Percent amplitude of fluctuation: A simple measure for resting-state fMRI signal at single voxel level
Článek Antimicrobial activity of Asteraceae species against bacterial pathogens isolated from postmenopausal women
Článek Are changes in depressive symptoms, general health and residential area socio-economic status associated with trajectories of waist circumference and body mass index?
Článek Extracellular vesicles of U937 macrophage cell line infected with DENV-2 induce activation in endothelial cells EA.hy926
Článek Tobacco smoking and health-related quality of life among university students: Mediating effect of depression
Článek The Shapley value for a fair division of group discounts for coordinating cooling loads
Článek Incidence of hospital-acquired pressure ulcers in patients with "minimal risk" according to the "Norton-MI" scale
Článek Lipoprotein(a) plasma levels are not associated with survival after acute coronary syndromes: An observational cohort study
Článek Use of Nanotrap particles for the capture and enrichment of Zika, chikungunya and dengue viruses in urine
Článek Pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor reduces multi-organ injury caused by gut ischemia/reperfusion in mice
Článek Biochemical characterization of Ty1 retrotransposon protease
Článek The validation of the Beijing version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in Chinese patients undergoing hemodialysis
Článek Inflammasome expression is higher in ovarian tumors than in normal ovary
Článek HCV genotype profile in Brazil of mono-infected and HIV co-infected individuals: A survey representative of an entire country
Článek Engaging with change: Information and communication technology professionals’ perspectives on change at the mid-point in the UK/EU Brexit process
Článek Adherence to iron-folic acid supplement and associated factors among antenatal care attending pregnant mothers in governmental health institutions of Adwa town, Tigray, Ethiopia: Cross-sectional study
Článek Flower, seed, and fruit development in three Tunisian species of Polygonum: Implications for their taxonomy and evolution of distyly in Polygonaceae
Článek Preclinical evaluation of AT-527, a novel guanosine nucleotide prodrug with potent, pan-genotypic activity against hepatitis C virus
Článek Aqueous extract from Mangifera indica Linn. (Anacardiaceae) leaves exerts long-term hypoglycemic effect, increases insulin sensitivity and plasma insulin levels on diabetic Wistar rats
Článek Clinical, cytogenetic and molecular genetic characterization of a tandem fusion translocation in a male Holstein cattle with congenital hypospadias and a ventricular septal defect
Článek Detection of Torque Teno Virus (TTV) and TTV-Like Minivirus in patients with presumed infectious endophthalmitis in India
Článek CD4 rate of increase is preferred to CD4 threshold for predicting outcomes among virologically suppressed HIV-infected adults on antiretroviral therapy
Článek Estimating the basic reproduction number of a pathogen in a single host when only a single founder successfully infects
Článek What drugs modify the risk of iatrogenic impulse-control disorders in Parkinson’s disease? A preliminary pharmacoepidemiologic study
Článek Evaluating emotional distress and health-related quality of life in patients with heart failure and their family caregivers: Testing dyadic dynamics using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model
Článek Community- and trophic-level responses of soil nematodes to removal of a non-native tree at different stages of invasion
Článek Association of ECG parameters with late gadolinium enhancement and outcome in patients with clinical suspicion of acute or subacute myocarditis referred for CMR imaging
Článek Catchment-scale export of antibiotic resistance genes and bacteria from an agricultural watershed in central Iowa
Článek Impact of multi-drug resistant bacteria on economic and clinical outcomes of healthcare-associated infections in adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Článek Characterization of a universal screening approach for congenital CMV infection based on a highly-sensitive, quantitative, multiplex real-time PCR assay
Článek On PTV definition for glioblastoma based on fiber tracking of diffusion tensor imaging data
Článek Genes associated with body weight gain and feed intake identified by meta-analysis of the mesenteric fat from crossbred beef steers
Článek Intraoperative computed tomography imaging for dose calculation in intraoperative electron radiation therapy: Initial clinical observations
Článek Simple non-mydriatic retinal photography is feasible and demonstrates retinal microvascular dilation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Článek Maternal depressive symptoms and children’s cognitive development: Does early childcare and child’s sex matter?
Článek Evaluation of a bioengineered ACL matrix’s osteointegration with BMP-2 supplementation
Článek Psychosocial profiles of physical activity fluctuation in office employees: A latent profile analysis
Článek Prevalence and characteristics of Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) isolated from chicken meat in the province of Quebec, Canada
Článek Soluble AXL as a marker of disease progression and survival in melanoma
Článek Using machine learning methods to determine a typology of patients with HIV-HCV infection to be treated with antivirals
Článek Gender differences influence over insomnia in Korean population: A cross-sectional study
Článek Impact of scion/rootstock reciprocal effects on metabolomics of fruit juice and phloem sap in grafted Citrus reticulata
Článek Adapting cognitive diagnosis computerized adaptive testing item selection rules to traditional item response theory
Článek Autumn shifts in cold tolerance metabolites in overwintering adult mountain pine beetles
Článek Umbilical cord separation time, predictors and healing complications in newborns with dry care
Článek Analysis of attitudinal components towards statistics among students from different academic degrees
Článek Effects of fatigue induced by repeated-sprint on kicking accuracy and velocity in female soccer players
Článek A pre-clinical validation plan to evaluate analytical sensitivities of molecular diagnostics such as BD MAX MDR-TB, Xpert MTB/Rif Ultra and FluoroType MTB
Článek Leadership for success in transforming medical abortion policy in Canada
Článek Clinical correlates associated with the long-term response of bipolar disorder patients to lithium, valproate or lamotrigine: A retrospective study
Článek On the genus Crossaster (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) and its distribution
Článek Intracellular and in vivo evaluation of imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole-5-carboxamide anti-tuberculosis compounds
Článek An integrated vitamin E-coated polymer hybrid nanoplatform: A lucrative option for an enhanced in vitro macrophage retention for an anti-hepatitis B therapeutic prospect
Článek The effect of strontium and silicon substituted hydroxyapatite electrochemical coatings on bone ingrowth and osseointegration of selective laser sintered porous metal implants
Článek Molecular prevalence of Bartonella, Babesia, and hemotropic Mycoplasma species in dogs with hemangiosarcoma from across the United States
Článek Color discrimination and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry fingerprint based on chemometrics analysis for the quality evaluation of Schizonepetae Spica
Článek Comparisons of recurrence-free survival and overall survival between microwave versus radiofrequency ablation treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma: A multiple centers retrospective cohort study with propensity score matching
Článek Oral misoprostol, low dose vaginal misoprostol, and vaginal dinoprostone for labor induction: Randomized controlled trial
Článek The association between dietary patterns before and in early pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM): Data from the Malaysian SECOST cohort
Článek Dynamic Extreme Aneuploidy (DEA) in the vegetable pathogen Phytophthora capsici and the potential for rapid asexual evolution
Článek Prediction of Uropathogens by Flow Cytometry and Dip-stick Test Results of Urine Through Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis
Článek Interleukin 6 is increased in preclinical HNSCC models of acquired cetuximab resistance, but is not required for maintenance of resistance
Článek Impact of viral disease hypophagia on pig jejunal function and integrity
Článek Molecular evidence for horizontal transmission of chelonid alphaherpesvirus 5 at green turtle (Chelonia mydas) foraging grounds in Queensland, Australia
Článek Evaluation and validation of 2D biomechanical models of the knee for radiograph-based preoperative planning in total knee arthroplasty
Článek cagA gene EPIYA motif genetic characterization from Colombian Helicobacter pylori isolates: Standardization of a molecular test for rapid clinical laboratory detection
Článek Spectral characteristics of urine from patients with end-stage kidney disease analyzed using Raman Chemometric Urinalysis (Rametrix)
Článek Fast quantitative time lapse displacement imaging of endothelial cell invasion
Článek Two novel mutations in MSX1 causing oligodontia
Článek Dome-shaped macula in children and adolescents
Článek Targeted transcriptomic study of the implication of central metabolic pathways in mannosylerythritol lipids biosynthesis in Pseudozyma antarctica T-34
Článek Preliminary evidences of the presence of extracellular DNA single stranded forms in soil
Článek A comparison of quality of life between patients treated with different dialysis modalities in Taiwan
Článek Comparison of Monocyte Distribution Width (MDW) and Procalcitonin for early recognition of sepsis
Článek Morphological association between the muscles and bones in the craniofacial region
Článek Transcriptome analysis of Actinidia chinensis in response to Botryosphaeria dothidea infection
Článek Comparative study on skin protection activity of polyphenol-rich extract and polysaccharide-rich extract from Sargassum vachellianum
Článek The regenerative compatibility: A synergy between healthy ecosystems, environmental attitudes, and restorative experiences
Článek Antenatal depression and its association with adverse birth outcomes in low and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Článek The role of refugee and migrant migration status on medication adherence: Mediation through illness perceptions
Článek Effects of CK2β subunit down-regulation on Akt signalling in HK-2 renal cells
Článek Novel broad-spectrum activity-based probes to profile malarial cysteine proteases
Článek Association between opioid analgesic therapy and initiation of buprenorphine management: An analysis of prescription drug monitoring program data
Článek Effect of a community-based approach of iron and folic acid supplementation on compliance by pregnant women in Kiambu County, Kenya: A quasi-experimental study
Článek An updated evaluation of serum sHER2, CA15.3, and CEA levels as biomarkers for the response of patients with metastatic breast cancer to trastuzumab-based therapies
Článek Genome-wide association study of metabolic syndrome in Korean populations
Článek Plasma kynurenines and prognosis in patients with heart failure
Článek Occurrence and distribution of anthropogenic persistent organic pollutants in coastal sediments and mud shrimps from the wetland of central Taiwan
Článek Intensified visual clutter induces increased sympathetic signalling, poorer postural control, and faster torsional eye movements during visual rotation
Článek Gut microbiota composition alterations are associated with the onset of diabetes in kidney transplant recipients
Článek Metabolic analysis of amino acids and vitamin B6 pathways in lymphoma survivors with cancer related chronic fatigue
Článek Immunopathogenesis of canine chronic ulcerative stomatitis
Článek Generalizing findings from a randomized controlled trial to a real-world study of the iLookOut, an online education program to improve early childhood care and education providers’ knowledge and attitudes about reporting child maltreatment
Článek When and what to test for: A cost-effectiveness analysis of febrile illness test-and-treat strategies in the era of responsible antibiotic use
Článek Comparison of effects and safety in providing controlled hypotension during surgery between dexmedetomidine and magnesium sulphate: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Článek The gene encoding the ketogenic enzyme HMGCS2 displays a unique expression during gonad development in mice
Článek Efficacy of a mitochondrion-targeting agent for reducing the level of urinary protein in rats with puromycin aminonucleoside-induced minimal-change nephrotic syndrome
Článek Association of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) gene polymorphisms with primary open-angle glaucoma in a Saudi cohort
Článek Antitrust analysis with upward pricing pressure and cost efficiencies
Článek Natural selection contributes to food web stability
Článek Pyramiding QTLs controlling tolerance against drought, salinity, and submergence in rice through marker assisted breeding
Článek Diversity and plant growth-promoting functions of diazotrophic/N-scavenging bacteria isolated from the soils and rhizospheres of two species of Solanum
Článek Sofosbuvir-based regimen for genotype 2 HCV infected patients in Taiwan: A real world experience
Článek The virulence domain of Shigella IcsA contains a subregion with specific host cell adhesion function
Článek Quantitative analysis of adsorption and desorption of volatile organic compounds on reusable zeolite filters using gas chromatography
Článek Quo vadis Pantanal? Expected precipitation extremes and drought dynamics from changing sea surface temperature
Článek Cloud-computing and machine learning in support of country-level land cover and ecosystem extent mapping in Liberia and Gabon
Článek The Brief Measure of Emotional Preoperative Stress (B-MEPS) as a new predictive tool for postoperative pain: A prospective observational cohort study
Článek The impact of diabetes mellitus medication on the incidence of endogenous endophthalmitis
Článek Correction: Chl1 DNA helicase and Scc2 function in chromosome condensation through cohesin deposition
Článek Clinical and pathological features of thrombotic microangiopathy influencing long-term kidney transplant outcomes
Článek Occupational exposure to particulate matter from air pollution in the outdoor workplaces in Almaty during the cold season
Článek Key necroptotic proteins are required for Smac mimetic-mediated sensitization of cholangiocarcinoma cells to TNF-α and chemotherapeutic gemcitabine-induced necroptosis
Článek Concurrent lipidomics and proteomics on malignant plasma cells from multiple myeloma patients: Probing the lipid metabolome
Článek Retraction: SDR9C7 Promotes Lymph Node Metastases in Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Článek Association between tuberculosis and depression on negative outcomes of tuberculosis treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Článek Control of the microsporidian parasite Nosema ceranae in honey bees (Apis mellifera) using nutraceutical and immuno-stimulatory compounds
Článek Role of donor genotype in RT-QuIC seeding activity of chronic wasting disease prions using human and bank vole substrates
Článek Oral magnesium supplementation for leg cramps in pregnancy—An observational controlled trial
Článek Health care professionals’ knowledge of commonly used sedative, analgesic and neuromuscular drugs: A single center (Rambam Health Care Campus), prospective, observational survey
Článek Campylobacter portucalensis sp. nov., a new species of Campylobacter isolated from the preputial mucosa of bulls
Článek Transgenic interleukin 11 expression causes cross-tissue fibro-inflammation and an inflammatory bowel phenotype in mice
Článek Sleep quality and sex modify the relationships between trait energy and fatigue on state energy and fatigue
Článek The role of peer, parental, and school norms in predicting adolescents’ attitudes and behaviours of majority and different minority ethnic groups in Croatia
Článek Availability, prices and affordability of selected antibiotics and medicines against non-communicable diseases in western Cameroon and northeast DR Congo
Článek The effect of mutations derived from mouse-adapted H3N2 seasonal influenza A virus to pathogenicity and host adaptation
Článek Detection of posttraumatic pneumothorax using electrical impedance tomography—An observer-blinded study in pigs with blunt chest trauma
Článek Educators’ perceptions of organisational readiness for implementation of a pre-adolescent transdisciplinary school health intervention for inter-generational outcomes
Článek Beyond the heterodimer model for mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptor interactions in nuclei and at DNA
Článek The effects of sport expertise and shot results on basketball players’ action anticipation
Článek Framework and algorithms for identifying honest blocks in blockchain
Článek Exploring the impact of terminology differences in blood and organ donor decision making
Článek Platelet indices significantly correlate with liver fibrosis in HCV-infected patients
Článek The nitrate content of fresh and cooked vegetables and their health-related risks
Článek Bioreactor for mobilization of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells into scaffolds under mechanical stimulation: Preliminary results
Článek Non-gradient and genotype-dependent patterns of RSV gene expression
Článek Multiplex real-time PCR for the detection of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato and pathogenic Xanthomonas species on tomato plants
Článek The 24-hour urinary cortisol in post-traumatic stress disorder: A meta-analysis
Článek Drug-eluting versus bare-metal stents for first myocardial infarction in patients with atrial fibrillation: A nationwide population-based cohort study
Článek Health-related quality of life among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study
Článek “I like the way I am, but I feel like I could get a little bit bigger”: Perceptions of body image among adolescents and youth living with HIV in Durban, South Africa
Článek Nanoparticle-based ‘turn-on’ scattering and post-sample fluorescence for ultrasensitive detection of water pollution in wider window
Článek Insights into the strategy of micro-environmental adaptation: Transcriptomic analysis of two alvinocaridid shrimps at a hydrothermal vent
Článek Thirty-day readmission after medical-surgical hospitalization for people who experience imprisonment in Ontario, Canada: A retrospective cohort study
Článek Hyper-spectral response and estimation model of soil degradation in Kenli County, the Yellow River Delta
Článek The association of telomere length and telomerase activity with adverse outcomes in older patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome
Článek Construction of a high-density genetic map and fine mapping of a candidate gene locus for a novel branched-spike mutant in barley
Článek Alterations of aqueous humor Aβ levels in Aβ-infused and transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer disease
Článek Natural hybridization between Phyllagathis and Sporoxeia species produces a hybrid without reproductive organs
Článek The impact of peer attachment on prosocial behavior, emotional difficulties and conduct problems in adolescence: The mediating role of empathy
Článek Diagnostic performance of serum interferon gamma, matrix metalloproteinases, and periostin measurements for pulmonary tuberculosis in Japanese patients with pneumonia
Článek Characterization of black patina from the Tiber River embankments using Next-Generation Sequencing
Článek Problem gambling, associations with comorbid health conditions, substance use, and behavioural addictions: Opportunities for pathways to treatment
Článek Nanosheet wrapping-assisted coverslip-free imaging for looking deeper into a tissue at high resolution
Článek Validity of cerebrovascular ICD-9-CM codes in healthcare administrative databases. The Umbria Data-Value Project
Článek Torque teno virus viral load is related to age, CMV infection and HLA type but not to Alzheimer's disease
Článek Associations of cigarette smoking and burden of thoracic aortic calcification in asymptomatic individuals: A dose-response relationship
Článek Transforming assessment of speech in children with cleft palate via online crowdsourcing
Článek Human-raptor conflict in rural settlements of Colombia
Článek Assessment of peritoneal microbial features and tumor marker levels as potential diagnostic tools for ovarian cancer
Článek Deficiency syndromes in top predators associated with large-scale changes in the Baltic Sea ecosystem
Článek Perceived relative social status and cognitive load influence acceptance of unfair offers in the Ultimatum Game
Článek Hepatitis B and C virus infection among HIV patients within the public and private healthcare systems in Chile: A cross-sectional serosurvey
Článek Retraction: Oncogenic Fibulin-5 Promotes Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cell Metastasis through the FLJ10540/AKT Pathway and Correlates with Poor Prognosis
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2020 Číslo 1
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Aktuální možnosti diagnostiky a léčby litiáz
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Autori: MUDr. Tomáš Ürge, PhD.
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