Simple non-mydriatic retinal photography is feasible and demonstrates retinal microvascular dilation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

English version

Autoři: G. J. McKay ^aff001; R. V. McCarter ^aff001; R. E. Hogg ^aff001; D. H. Higbee ^aff002; M-P. K. Bajaj ^aff004; D. R. Burrage ^aff003; S. Ruickbie ^aff003; E. H. Baker ^aff003; P. W. Jones ^aff002; J. W. Dodd ^aff002
Působiště autorů: Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland ^aff001; Academic Respiratory Unit, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, United Kingdom ^aff002; Neuroscience Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom ^aff003; Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Infection and Immunity Institute, St George’s, University of London, London, United Kingdom ^aff004
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 15(1)
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227175

Souhrn

Background

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction and stroke but it remains unclear how to identify microvascular changes in this population.

Objectives

We hypothesized that simple non-mydriatic retinal photography is feasible and can be used to assess microvascular damage in COPD.

Methods

Novel Vascular Manifestations of COPD was a prospective study comparing smokers with and without COPD, matched for age. Non-mydriatic, retinal fundus photographs were assessed using semi-automated software.

Results

Retinal images from 24 COPD and 22 control participants were compared. Cases were of similar age to controls (65.2 vs. 63.1 years, p = 0.38), had significantly lower Forced Expiratory Volume in one second (FEV₁₎ (53.4 vs 100.1% predicted; p < 0.001) and smoked more than controls (41.7 vs. 29.6 pack years; p = 0.04). COPD participants had wider mean arteriolar (155.6 ±15 uM vs. controls [142.2 ± 12 uM]; p = 0.002) and venular diameters (216.8 ±20.7 uM vs. [201.3± 19.1 uM]; p = 0.012). Differences in retinal vessel caliber were independent of confounders, odds ratios (OR) = 1.08 (95% confidence intervals [CI] = 1.02, 1.13; p = 0.007) and OR = 1.05 (CI = 1.01, 1.09; p = 0.011) per uM increase in arteriolar and venular diameter respectively. FEV₁ remained significantly associated with retinal vessel dilatation r = -0.39 (p = 0.02).

Conclusions

Non-mydriatic retinal imaging is easily facilitated. We found significant arteriole and venous dilation in COPD compared to age-matched smokers without COPD associated with lung function independent of standard cardiovascular risk factors. Retinal microvascular changes are known to be strongly associated with future vascular events and retinal photography offers potential to identify this risk.

Trial registration

clinicaltrials.gov NCT02060292.

Klíčová slova:

Photography – Eyes – Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease – Antihypertensives – Medical risk factors – Retinal vessels – Fractals – Arterioles

Zdroje

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