The computational analyses of handwriting in individuals with psychopathic personality disorder
Autoři:
Barbara Gawda aff001
Působiště autorů:
Department of Psychology of Emotion & Cognition, Maria Curie Sklodowska University in Lublin, Poland
aff001
Vyšlo v časopise:
PLoS ONE 14(12)
Kategorie:
Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225182
Souhrn
The main aim of the present study was to examine several parameters of handwriting in order to identify the putative specific patterns of writing associated with psychopathic personality disorder. The hypothesis-generating study was carried out with the use of Mann-Whitney U test to compare two groups of prisoners, without p-value, effect size, and confidence intervals for effect size. The handwriting samples were obtained from two groups of individuals: prisoners diagnosed with psychopathic personality (n = 50), prisoners without psychopathic personality disorder (n = 30). Two groups were matched in terms of intellectual level, age, and education. The examined handwriting samples were identical. To examine graphical parameters such as structure, proportions, density, inter-spaces, and impulse, the computer programs GlobalGraf were used. This software is employed by Polish Forensic Association. The inter-group comparisons of graphical parameters have shown there is no significant difference (95% confidence intervals for the effect sizes included 0, or negative numbers) in handwriting between prisoners with psychopathic personality disorder and prisoners without this disorder. Logistic regression has been calculated to show whether any handwriting patterns allow to predict psychopathic personality disorder. Results indicate that participants with psychopathic personality disorder do not exhibit significant motor impairments manifesting in structural, density, topographic, proportions, letter spacing, and impulse features of handwriting. This suggests, contrary to many beliefs related to graphology, that psychopathic personality cannot be identified on the basis of computational forensic examination of handwriting.
Klíčová slova:
Prisoners – Emotions – Personality – Personality traits – Computer software – Personality disorders – Computer applications – Forensics
Zdroje
1. Caligiuri MP, Teulings HL, Dean CE, Niculescu AB, Lohr J. Handwriting movement analysis for monitoring drug-induced motor side effects in schizophrenia patients treated with risperidone. Hum Movement Sci. 2009; 28: 633–642. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2009.07.007 19692133
2. Caligiuri MP, Teulings HL, Filoteo V, Song D, Lohr J. Quantitative measurement of handwriting in the assessment of drug-induced parkinsonism. Hum Movement Sci. 2006; 25: 510–522. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2006.02.004 16647772
3. Dean DJ, Orr JM, Newberry RE, Mittal VA. Motor behavior reflects reduced hemispheric asymmetry in the psychosis risk period. Schi Res. 2016; 170: 137–142. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2015.10.017 26492987
4. Mavrogiorgou P, Mergl R, Tigges P, Husseini JE, Schröter A, Juckel G, et al. Kinematic analysis of handwriting movements in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Neuro Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2001; 70: 605–612. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.70.5.605 11309453
5. Mergl R, Pogarell O, Juckel G, Rihl J, Henkel V, Frodl T, et al. Hand-motor dysfunction in depression: characteristics and pharmacological effects. Clin EEG Neurosci. 2007; 38: 82–98. doi: 10.1177/155005940703800210 17515173
6. Breil MA. Graphological possibilities and limitations in the assessment of handwriting of psychopaths. Psychiatria et Neurologia. 1967a; 153: 289–300. 5339993
7. Breil MA. Graphological possibilities and limitations in the assessment of handwriting of psychopaths. Psychiatria et Neurologia. 1967b;153: 367–383. 5339888
8. Leśniak M, Gramatyka M. The graphism of psychopaths. In: Kegel Z, editor, Proceedings of VII Wrocław Meeting of Research of Handwriting. Wroclaw: Departament of Criminalistics; 1996. pp.149–158.
9. Leśniak M. Research on picture of writing of psychopaths. In: Kegel Z, editor, The questions of document’s evidence. Wroclaw: University of Wrocław; 2000. pp. 125–130.
10. Gawda B. Graphical analysis of handwriting of prisoners diagnosed with antisocial personality. Perc Motor Skills. 2008; 107: 862–872. doi: 10.2466/pms.107.3.862–872
11. Hare RD. Manual for the psychopathy checklist-Revised (3rd ed.). Toronto: Multi-Health System, Inc; 2003.
12. Hare RD, Neumann CS.The PCL-R Assessment of Psychopathy. Development, structural properties, and new directions. In: Patrick CJ, editor, Handbook of Psychopathy. New York, London: The Guilford Press; 2007. pp. 58–106.
13. Morgan AB, Lilienfeld S. A meta-analytic review of the relation between antisocial behavior and neuropsychological measures of executive function. Clin Psychol Rev. 2000; 20: 113–136. doi: 10.1016/s0272-7358(98)00096-8 10660831
14. Oosterwijk S, Topper M, Rotteveel M, Fischer AH. When the mind forms fear: embodied fear knowledge potentiates bodily reactions to fearful stimuli, Soc Psychol Pers Sci. 2010; 1: 65–72.
15. Tucha O, Aschenbremmer S, Eichhammer P, Putzhammer A, Sartor A, Klein HE, et al. The impact of tricyclic antidepressants and selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors on handwriting movements of patients with depression. Psychopharmacology. 2002; 159: 211–215. doi: 10.1007/s002130100921 11862351
16. Crespo Y, Ibañez A, Soriano MF, Iglesias S, Aznarte JI. Handwriting movements for assessment of motor symptoms in schizophrenia spectrum disorders and bipolar disorder. PLoS ONE. 2019; 14: e0213657. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213657 30870472
17. Brzezinski J, Gaul M, Hornowska E, Jaworowska A, Machowski A, Zakrzewska M. Skala Inteligencji D. Wechslera dla dorosłych. Wersja zrewidowana–renormalizacja WAIS–R (PL) [Manual for WAIS-R]. Warsaw: PTP; 2004.
18. Tellegen A, Ben-Porath YS. MMPI-2-RF (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form): Technical manual, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press; 2008.
19. Grafotyp, Raygraf, Kinegraf, Scangraf. Research financed by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from the budget for research for the years 2009–2011 as a development project—program guide (electronic version); 2009–2011.
20. Łuszczuk A, Łuszczuk K, Tomaszewski T, Goc M. GLOBALGRAF, computer programs GRAFOTYP, RAYGRAF, KINEGRAF, SCANGRAF—Research financed by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education from the budget for research for the years 2009–2011 as a development project—program guide (electronic version)]. Warsaw: Polish Forensic Association, Warsaw University; 2009–2011.
21. Goc M. Współczesny model ekspertyzy pismoznawczej. Wykorzystanie nowych metod i technik badawczych [A contemporary model for document expert examination. Use of new examination methods and techniques]. Warsaw–Szczecin: Polish Forensic Association; 2016.
22. Łuszczuk A, Łuszczuk K. Grafotyp–komputerowy program analizy cech strukturalnych pisma [Grafotyp–the computer program of analysis of structural features of handwriting]. In: Kegel Z, editor, Aktualne tendencje w badaniach dokumentów [Current tendencies in document examination]. Wrocław: Uniwersytet Wrocławski; 2010. pp. 339–347.
23. Ivarsson A, Andersen MB, Johnson U, Lindwall M. To adjust or not adjust: Nonparametric effect sizes, confidence intervals, and real-world meaning. Psychol. Sport and Exercise. 2013;14: 97–102. doi: org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2012.07.007
24. Gawda B. Dysfluent handwriting in schizophrenic outpatients. Perc Motor Skills. 2016; 122: 560–577. doi: 10.1177/0031512516637019 27166334
25. Gawda B. Lack of evidence for the assessment of personality traits using handwriting analysis. Pol Psychol Bull. 2014; 45(1): 73–79. doi: 10.2478/ppb-2014-0011
26. Dazzi C, Pedrabissi L. Graphology and personality: an empirical study on validity of handwriting analysis. Psychol Rep. 2009;105: 1255–1268. doi: 10.2466/PR0.105.F.1255-1268 20229925
27. Furnham A, Gunter B. Graphology and personality: another failure to validate graphological analysis. Pers Indiv Differ. 1987; 8: 433–435.
28. Furnham A, Chamorro-Premuzic T, Callahan I. Does graphology predict personality and intelligence? Indiv Differ Res. 2003; 1 (2): 78–94.
29. King RN, Koehler DJ. Illusory correlations in graphological inferences. J Exp Psychol App. 2000; 6: 336–348.
30. Tett RP, Palmer CA. The validity of handwriting elements in relation to self-report personality trait measures. Pers Indiv Differ. 1997;22: 11–18. doi: 10.1016/S0191-8869(96)00183-3
31. Plamondon R, Djioua M. A multi-level representation paradigm for handwriting { XE “handwriting” } stroke generation. Hum Movement Sci. 2006; 25: 586–607. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2006.07.004 17023083
32. Luria AR. The nature of human conflicts or emotion, conflict and will. New York: Grove Press, Inc; 1960.
Článok vyšiel v časopise
PLOS One
2019 Číslo 12
- Metamizol jako analgetikum první volby: kdy, pro koho, jak a proč?
- Masturbační chování žen v ČR − dotazníková studie
- Nejasný stín na plicích – kazuistika
- Těžké menstruační krvácení může značit poruchu krevní srážlivosti. Jaký management vyšetření a léčby je v takovém případě vhodný?
- Somatizace stresu – typické projevy a možnosti řešení
Najčítanejšie v tomto čísle
- Methylsulfonylmethane increases osteogenesis and regulates the mineralization of the matrix by transglutaminase 2 in SHED cells
- Oregano powder reduces Streptococcus and increases SCFA concentration in a mixed bacterial culture assay
- The characteristic of patulous eustachian tube patients diagnosed by the JOS diagnostic criteria
- Parametric CAD modeling for open source scientific hardware: Comparing OpenSCAD and FreeCAD Python scripts