Epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases related admissions in a referral hospital in the South West region of Cameroon: A cross-sectional study in sub-Saharan Africa

English version

Autoři: Clovis Nkoke ^aff001; Ahmadou Musa Jingi ^aff002; Christelle Makoge ^aff003; Denis Teuwafeu ^aff001; Cyrille Nkouonlack ^aff001; Anastase Dzudie ^aff002
Působiště autorů: Buea Regional Hospital, Buea, Cameroon ^aff001; Clinical Research Education, Networking and Consultancy, Douala, Cameroon ^aff002; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde, Yaounde, Cameroon ^aff003; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon ^aff004; Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon ^aff005
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(12)
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226644

Souhrn

Background

Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is experiencing an epidemic of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) as a result of a rapid epidemiological transition. Little is known about the admission for CVD and outcome in rural and semi-urban settings in Cameroon in this era of epidemiological transition. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and the pattern of CVD admissions in the South West region of Cameroon.

Methods

This retrospective descriptive study included all adult patients admitted for CVD in the medical unit of the Buea Regional Hospital between Jan 2016 and December 2017.

Results

Out of the 3140 patients admitted, 499(15.9%) had CVD. There were 304(60.9%) females. The mean age was 58.7±16.2 years. There was no age difference between men and women (59.7 years vs 58.1years, p = 0.29). The most commonly affected age group was those aged 50–59 years (22%). Heart failure (38.5%), stroke (33.3%) and uncontrolled hypertension (22.4%) were the most prevalent CVDs. The length of hospital stay ranged from 1 to 37 days with a median length of hospital stay of 7 days. In-hospital case fatality was 78(15.8%). Mortality was higher in women compared to men (9% vs 7%, p = 0.43). The case fatality for stroke was higher compared to case fatality for heart failure (21.7% vs 16.7%, p = 0.23).

Conclusion

CVDs are a common cause of hospital admission in this semi-urban setting, dominated by heart failure. Women were disproportionately affected and it was associated with high mortality. Prevention, early detection and management of risk factors for cardiovascular disease are imperative given the growing burden of CVD in SSA to reduce CVD morbidity and mortality.

Klíčová slova:

Hospitals – Africa – Hypertension – Epidemiology – Cardiovascular diseases – Heart failure – Cameroon – Cardiovascular disease epidemiology

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