Serum procalcitonin as an independent diagnostic markers of bacteremia in febrile patients with hematologic malignancies

English version

Autoři: Mina Yang ^aff001; Seung Jun Choi ^aff003; Jaewoong Lee ^aff001; Dong Gun Lee ^aff004; Yoon-Joo Kim ^aff005; Yeon-Joon Park ^aff001; Eun-Jee Oh ^aff001
Působiště autorů: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea ^aff001; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea ^aff002; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea ^aff003; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of infection, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea ^aff004; EONE Laboratories, Incheon, Korea ^aff005
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(12)
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225765

Souhrn

Background

Serum procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are biomarkers of infection. In patients with hematologic disorders with or without hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), it is difficult to distinguish bloodstream infections from aseptic causes of febrile episodes. The objective of this study was to investigate diagnostic values of PCT and CRP in predicting systemic bacterial infection in patients with hematologic malignancies.

Methods

Clinical and laboratory data of 614 febrile episode cases from 511 patients were analyzed. Febrile episodes were classified into four groups: (1) culture-positive bacterial infection by Gram-positive cocci (GPC), (2) culture-positive bacterial infection by Gram-negative bacilli (GNB), (3) fungal infection, and (4) viral infection or a noninfectious etiology.

Results

Of 614 febrile cases, systemic bacterial infections were confirmed in 99 (16.1%) febrile episodes, including 38 (6.2%) GPC and 61 (9.9%) GNB infections. PCT levels were significantly higher in GNB infectious episodes than those in febrile episodes caused by fungal infection (0.58 ng/mL (95% CI: 0.26–1.61) vs. 0.22 ng/mL (0.16–0.38), P = 0.047). Bacterial infectious episodes showed higher PCT and CRP levels than non-bacterial events (PCT: 0.49 (0.26–0.93) ng/mL vs. 0.20 (0.18–0.22) ng/mL, P < 0.001; CRP: 76.6 (50.5–92.8) mg/L vs. 58.0 (51.1–66.5) mg/L, P = 0.036). For non-neutropenic febrile episodes, both PCT and CRP discriminated bacteremia from non-bacteremia. However, in neutropenic febrile episodes, PCT only distinguished bacteremia from non-bacteremia. In non-neutropenic episode, both PCT and CRP showed good diagnostic accuracy (AUC: 0.757 vs. 0.763). In febrile neutropenia, only PCT discriminated bacteremia from non-bacterial infection (AUC: 0.624) whereas CRP could not detect bacteremia (AUC: 0.500, 95% CI: 0.439–0.561, P > 0.05).

Conclusions

In this single-center observational study, PCT was more valuable than CRP for discriminating between bacteremia and non-bacteremia independent of neutropenia or HSCT.

Klíčová slova:

Diagnostic medicine – Bacterial diseases – Hematologic cancers and related disorders – Cancer detection and diagnosis – Etiology – Bacteremia – Neutropenia – Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Zdroje

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