Zoonotic Babesia: A scoping review of the global evidence
Autoři:
Kaitlin M. Young aff001; Tricia Corrin aff001; Barbara Wilhelm aff002; Carl Uhland aff003; Judy Greig aff001; Mariola Mascarenhas aff001; Lisa A. Waddell aff001
Působiště autorů:
Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
aff001; Big Sky Health Analytics, Vermilion, Alberta, Canada
aff002; Independent Consultant, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
aff003
Vyšlo v časopise:
PLoS ONE 14(12)
Kategorie:
Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226781
Souhrn
Background
Babesiosis is a parasitic vector-borne disease of increasing public health importance. Since the first human case was reported in 1957, zoonotic species have been reported on nearly every continent. Zoonotic Babesia is vectored by Ixodes ticks and is commonly transmitted in North America by Ixodes scapularis, the tick species responsible for transmitting the pathogens that also cause Lyme disease, Powassan virus, and anaplasmosis in humans. Predicted climate change is expected to impact the spread of vectors, which is likely to affect the distribution of vector-borne diseases including human babesiosis.
Methods
A scoping review has been executed to characterize the global evidence on zoonotic babesiosis. Articles were compiled through a comprehensive search of relevant bibliographic databases and targeted government websites. Two reviewers screened titles and abstracts for relevance and characterized full-text articles using a relevance screening and data characterization tool developed a priori.
Results
This review included 1394 articles relevant to human babesiosis and/or zoonotic Babesia species. The main zoonotic species were B. microti, B. divergens, B. duncani and B. venatorum. Articles described a variety of study designs used to study babesiosis in humans and/or zoonotic Babesia species in vectors, animal hosts, and in vitro cell cultures. Topics of study included: pathogenesis (680 articles), epidemiology (480), parasite characterization (243), diagnostic test accuracy (98), mitigation (94), treatment (65), transmission (54), surveillance (29), economic analysis (7), and societal knowledge (1). No articles reported predictive models investigating the impact of climate change on Babesia species.
Conclusion
Knowledge gaps in the current evidence include research on the economic burden associated with babesiosis, societal knowledge studies, surveillance of Babesia species in vectors and animal hosts, and predictive models on the impact of climate change. The scoping review results describe the current knowledge and knowledge gaps on zoonotic Babesia which can be used to inform future policy and decision making.
Klíčová slova:
Database searching – Zoonoses – Epidemiology – Infectious disease surveillance – Ticks – Babesia – Vector-borne diseases – Babesiosis
Zdroje
1. Levine ND. Progress in taxonomy of the Apicomplexan protozoa. J Protozool. 1988;35(4):518–20. doi: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1988.tb04141.x 3143826
2. Homer MJ, Aguilar-Delfin I, Telford SR Iii, Krause PJ, Persing DH. Babesiosis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2000;13(3):451–69. doi: 10.1128/cmr.13.3.451-469.2000 10885987
3. Vannier E, Gewurz BE, Krause PJ. Human babesiosis. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2008;22(3):469–88, viii–ix. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2008.03.010 18755385
4. Skrabalo Z, Deanovic Z. Piroplasmosis in man; report of a case. Doc Med Geogr Trop. 1957;9(1):11–6. 13427667
5. Herwaldt BL, Montgomery S, Woodhall D, Bosserman EA. Babesiosis surveillance—18 states, 2011. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2012;61(27):505–9. 22785341
6. Gray J, Zintl A, Hildebrandt A, Hunfeld KP, Weiss L. Zoonotic babesiosis: overview of the disease and novel aspects of pathogen identity. Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2010;1(1):3–10. doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2009.11.003 21771506
7. Vannier E, Krause PJ. Human Babesiosis. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(25):2397–407. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1202018 22716978
8. Piesman J, Spielman A. Human babesiosis on Nantucket Island: prevalence of Babesia microti in ticks. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1980;29(5):742–6. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1980.29.742 7435782
9. Lobo CA, Cursino-Santos JR, Alhassan A, Rodrigues M. Babesia: an emerging infectious threat in transfusion medicine. PLoS Pathog. 2013;9(7):e1003387. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003387 23853577
10. Leiby DA. Transfusion-associated babesiosis: shouldn’t we be ticked off? Ann Intern Med. 2011;155(8):556–7. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00363 21893616
11. Gubernot DM, Lucey CT, Lee KC, Conley GB, Holness LG, Wise RP. Babesia infection through blood transfusions: reports received by the US Food and Drug Administration, 1997–2007. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;48(1):25–30. doi: 10.1086/595010 19035776
12. Gubernot DM, Nakhasi HL, Mied PA, Asher DM, Epstein JS, Kumar S. Transfusion-transmitted babesiosis in the United States: summary of a workshop. Transfusion. 2009;49(12):2759–71. doi: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2009.02429.x 19821952
13. Fox LM, Wingerter S, Ahmed A, Arnold A, Chou J, Rhein L, et al. Neonatal babesiosis: case report and review of the literature. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2006;25(2):169–73. doi: 10.1097/01.inf.0000195438.09628.b0 16462298
14. Krause PJ, Lepore T, Sikand VK, Gadbaw J Jr., Burke G, Telford SR 3rd, et al. Atovaquone and azithromycin for the treatment of babesiosis. N Engl J Med. 2000;343(20):1454–8. doi: 10.1056/NEJM200011163432004 11078770
15. Wormser GP, Dattwyler RJ, Shapiro ED, Halperin JJ, Steere AC, Klempner MS, et al. The clinical assessment, treatment, and prevention of lyme disease, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, and babesiosis: clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2006;43(9):1089–134. doi: 10.1086/508667 17029130
16. McPherson M, Garcia-Garcia A, Cuesta-Valero FJ, Beltrami H, Hansen-Ketchum P, MacDougall D, et al. Expansion of the Lyme Disease Vector Ixodes Scapularis in Canada Inferred from CMIP5 Climate Projections. Environ Health Perspect. 2017;125(5):057008. doi: 10.1289/EHP57 28599266
17. Lempereur L, Beck R, Fonseca I, Marques C, Duarte A, Santos M, et al. Guidelines for the Detection of Babesia and Theileria Parasites. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2017;17(1):51–65. doi: 10.1089/vbz.2016.1955 28055573
18. Ord RL, Lobo CA. Human Babesiosis: Pathogens, Prevalence, Diagnosis and Treatment. Curr Clin Microbiol Rep. 2015;2(4):173–81. doi: 10.1007/s40588-015-0025-z 26594611
19. Usmani-Brown S, Halperin JJ, Krause PJ. Neurological manifestations of human babesiosis. Handb Clin Neurol. 2013;114:199–203. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-53490-3.00014-5 23829910
20. Gray JS. Identity of the causal agents of human babesiosis in Europe. Int J Med Microbiol. 2006;296 Suppl 40:131–6.
21. Gelfand JA, Callahan MV. Babesiosis: An Update on Epidemiology and Treatment. Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2003;5(1):53–8. doi: 10.1007/s11908-003-0065-z 12525291
22. Dunn IJ, Palmer PE. Babesiosis. Semin Roentgenol. 1998;33(1):89–90. doi: 10.1016/s0037-198x(98)80035-7 9516693
23. Spielman A, Wilson ML, Levine JF, Piesman J. Ecology of Ixodes dammini-borne human babesiosis and Lyme disease. Annu Rev Entomol. 1985;30:439–60. doi: 10.1146/annurev.en.30.010185.002255 3882050
24. Rosner F, Zarrabi MH, Benach JL, Habicht GS. Babesiosis in splenectomized adults. Review of 22 reported cases. Am J Med. 1984;76(4):696–701. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(84)90298-5 6424470
25. Ruebush TK II. Human babesiosis in North America. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1980;74(2):149–52. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(80)90231-x 7189910
26. Open Grey [cited 20 August 2019]. http://www.opengrey.eu/.
27. DataCite [cited 20 August 2019]. https://search.datacite.org/.
28. Cayol C, Koskela E, Mappes T, Siukkola A, Kallio ER. Temporal dynamics of the tick Ixodes ricinus in northern Europe: epidemiological implications. Parasit Vectors. 2017;10(1):166. doi: 10.1186/s13071-017-2112-x 28359294
29. Goethert HK, Telford SR 3rd. Not "out of Nantucket": Babesia microti in southern New England comprises at least two major populations. Parasit Vectors. 2014;7:546. doi: 10.1186/s13071-014-0546-y 25492628
30. Lemieux JE, Tran AD, Freimark L, Schaffner SF, Goethert H, Andersen KG, et al. A global map of genetic diversity in Babesia microti reveals strong population structure and identifies variants associated with clinical relapse. Nat Microbiol. 2016;1(7):16079. doi: 10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.79 27572973
31. Morch K, Holmaas G, Frolander PS, Kristoffersen EK. Severe human Babesia divergens infection in Norway. Int J Infect Dis. 2015;33:37–8. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2014.12.034 25541295
32. Gabrielli S, Galuppi R, Marcer F, Marini C, Tampieri MP, Moretti A, et al. Development of culture-based serological assays to diagnose Babesia divergens infections. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2012;12(2):106–10. doi: 10.1089/vbz.2011.0706 21995263
33. El-Bahnasawy MM, Khalil HH, Morsy TA. Babesiosis in an Egyptian boy aquired from pet dog, and a general review. J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 2011;41(1):99–108. 21634246
34. Gorenflot A, Piette M. Aspects microscopiques observés au cours des deux premiers cas français de Babésiose humaine. Med Mal Infect. 1981;11(6):334–8.
35. Apostolou A, Sorhage F, Tan C. Babesiosis surveillance, new jersey, USA, 2006–2011. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014;20(8):1407–9. doi: 10.3201/eid2008.131591 25062278
36. Surra ND, Jesus JE. The anemic and thrombocytopenic febrile neonate. J Emerg Med. 2015;48(6):675–8. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2014.11.026 25895861
37. Joseph JT, Purtill K, Wong SJ, Munoz J, Teal A, Madison-Antenucci S, et al. Vertical transmission of Babesia microti, United States. Emerg Infect Dis. 2012;18(8):1318–21. doi: 10.3201/eid1808.110988 22840424
38. Aderinboye O, Syed SS. Congenital babesiosis in a four-week-old female infant. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2010;29(2):188.
39. New DL, Quinn JB, Qureshi MZ, Sigler SJ. Vertically transmitted babesiosis. J Pediatr. 1997;131(1 Pt 1):163–4. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(97)70143-4 9255211
40. Esernio-Jenssen D, Scimeca PG, Benach JI, Tenenbaum MJ. Transplacental/perinatal babesiosis. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 1987;42(11):691–2.
41. Sethi S, Alcid D, Kesarwala H, Tolan RW Jr. Probable congenital babesiosis in infant, New Jersey, USA. Emerg Infect Dis. 2009;15(5):788–91. doi: 10.3201/eid1505.070808 19402971
42. Cornett JK, Malhotra A, Hart D. Vertical transmission of babesiosis from a pregnant, splenectomized mother to her neonate. Infect Dis Clin Pract (Baltim Md). 2012;20(6):408–10.
43. Saetre K, Godhwani N, Maria M, Patel D, Wang G, Li KI, et al. Congenital Babesiosis After Maternal Infection With Borrelia burgdorferi and Babesia microti. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc. 2017;7:e1–e5.
44. Gumber S, Nascimento FS, Rogers KA, Bishop HS, Rivera HN, Xayavong MV, et al. Experimental transfusion-induced Babesia microti infection: dynamics of parasitemia and immune responses in a rhesus macaque model. Transfusion. 2016;56(6 Pt 2):1508–19. doi: 10.1111/trf.13521 26892459
45. Eberhard ML, Walker EM, Steurer FJ. Survival and infectivity of Babesia in blood maintained at 25 C and 2–4 C. J Parasitol. 1995;81(5):790–2. 7472878
46. Tufts DM, Diuk-Wasser MA. Transplacental transmission of tick-borne Babesia microti in its natural host Peromyscus leucopus. Parasit Vectors. 2018;11:286. doi: 10.1186/s13071-018-2875-8 29728129
47. Tolkacz K, Bednarska M, Alsarraf M, Dwuznik D, Grzybek M, Welc-Faleciak R, et al. Prevalence, genetic identity and vertical transmission of Babesia microti in three naturally infected species of vole, Microtus spp. (Cricetidae). Parasit Vectors. 2017;10(1):66. doi: 10.1186/s13071-017-2007-x 28166832
48. Bednarska M, Bajer A, Drozdowska A, Mierzejewska EJ, Tolkacz K, Welc-Faleciak R. Vertical Transmission of Babesia microti in BALB/c Mice: Preliminary Report. PLoS ONE. 2015;10(9):e0137731. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137731 26372043
49. Nilsson O, Nordkvist M, Rydén L. Experimental Babesia divergens infection in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus). Acta Vet Scand. 1965;6(4):353–9. 5858323
50. Gray JS, Murphy TM, Taylor SM, Blewett DA, Harrington R. Comparative morphological and cross transmission studies with bovine and deer babesias in Ireland. Prev Vet Med. 1990;9(3):185–93.
51. Van Peenen PFD, Duncan HJF. Piroplasms (Protozoa: Sarcodina) of Wild Mammals in California 1. Bulletin of the Wildlife Disease Association. 1968;4(1):3–8.
52. Malagon F, Tapia JL. Experimental transmission of Babesia microti infection by the oral route. Parasitol Res. 1994;80(8):645–8. doi: 10.1007/bf00932947 7886033
53. Piesman J, Lewengrub S, Rudzinska MA, Spielman A. Babesia microti: prolonged survival of salavarian piroplasms in nymphal Ixodes dammini. Exp Parasitol. 1987;64(3):292–9. doi: 10.1016/0014-4894(87)90039-7 3678441
54. Karakashian SJ, Rudzinska MA, Spielman A, Lewengrub S, Piesman J, Shoukrey N. Ultrastructural studies on sporogony of Babesia microti in salivary gland cells of the tick Ixodes dammini. Cell Tissue Res. 1983;231(2):275–87. doi: 10.1007/bf00222180 6850804
55. Piesman J, Karakashian SJ, Lewengrub S. Development of Babesia microti sporozoites in adult Ixodes dammini. Int J Parasitol. 1986;16(4):381–5. doi: 10.1016/0020-7519(86)90118-9 3744675
56. Lewengrub S, Rudzinska MA, Piesman J, Spielman A, Zung J. The influence of heat on the development of Babesia microti in unfed nymphs of Ixodes dammini. Can J Zool. 1989;67(6):1510–5.
57. Lewengrub S, Rudzinska MA, Piesman J, Spielman A, Gubert E. Hyperthermia and sporogony of Babesia microti in the tick Ixodes dammini: an ultrastructural study. Can J Zool. 1988;66(6):1342–51.
58. Karakashian SJ, Rudzinska MA, Spielman A, Lewengrub S, Campbell J. Primary and secondary ookinetes of Babesia microti in the larval and nymphal stages of the tick Ixodes dammini. Can J Zool. 1986;64(2):328–39.
59. Bonnet S, Brisseau N, Hermouet A, Jouglin M, Chauvin A. Experimental in vitro transmission of Babesia sp. (EU1) by Ixodes ricinus. Vet Res. 2009;40(3):21. doi: 10.1051/vetres/2009004 19210953
60. Mackenstedt U, Gauer M, Mehlhorn H, Schein E, Hauschild S. Sexual cycle of Babesia divergens confirmed by DNA measurements. Parasitol Res. 1990;76(3):199–206. doi: 10.1007/bf00930815 2315280
61. Weber G, Walter G. Babesia microti (apicomplexa: piroplasmida): electron microscope detection in salivary glands of the tick vector Ixodes ricinus (Ixodoidea: Ixodidae). Z Parasitenkd. 1980;64(1):113–5. doi: 10.1007/bf00927061 7222920
62. Kuźna-Grygiel W, Bukowska K, Cichocka A, Kosik-Bogacka D, Skotarczak B. The prevalence of piroplasms in a population of Ixodes ricinus (ACARI: Ixodidae) from North-Western Poland. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2002;9(2):175–8. 12498586
63. Zamoto-Niikura A, Tsuji M, Qiang W, Nakao M, Hirata H, Ishihara C. Detection of two zoonotic Babesia microti lineages, the Hobetsu and U.S. lineages, in two sympatric tick species, ixodes ovatus and Ixodes persulcatus, respectively, in Japan. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012;78(9):3424–30. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00142-12 22389378
64. Rudzinska M, Spielman A, Lewengrub S, Piesman J, Karakashian S. The sequence of developmental events of Babesia microti in the gut of Ixodes dammini. Protistologica. 1984;20(4):649–63.
65. Rudzinska M, Spielman A, Riek RF, Lewengrub SJ, Piesman J. Intraerythrocytic ‘gametocytes’ of Babesia microti and their maturation in ticks. Can J Zool. 1979;57(2):424–34. doi: 10.1139/z79-050 540277
66. Rudzinska MA, Spielman A, Lewengrub S. Penetration of the peritrophic membrane of the tick by Babesia microti. Cell Tissue Res. 1981;221(3):471–81.
67. Farber FR, Muehlenbachs A, Robey TE. Atraumatic splenic rupture from Babesia: A disease of the otherwise healthy patient. Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2015;6(5):649–52. doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2015.05.010 26123434
68. Kuwayama DP, Briones RJ. Spontaneous splenic rupture caused by Babesia microti infection. Clin Infect Dis. 2008;46(9):e92–5. doi: 10.1086/587175 18419430
69. Torres-Velez FJ, Nace EK, Won KY, Bartlett J, Eberhard M, Guarner J. Development of an immunohistochemical assay for the detection of babesiosis in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples. Am J Clin Pathol. 2003;120(6):833–8. doi: 10.1309/A4RG-P4LF-12GG-H8MW 14671971
70. Siderits R, Mikhail N, Ricart C, Abello-Poblete MV, Wilcox C, Godyn JJ. Babesiosis, significance of spleen function illustrated by postsplenectomy course in 3 cases. Infect Dis Clin Pract (Baltim Md). 2008;16(3):182–6.
71. Brennan MB, Herwaldt BL, Kazmierczak JJ, Weiss JW, Klein CL, Leith CP, et al. Transmission of Babesia microti Parasites by Solid Organ Transplantation. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(11):1869–76.
72. Akel T, Mobarakai N. Hematologic manifestations of babesiosis. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2017;16(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s12941-017-0179-z 28202022
73. Man SQ, Qiao K, Cui J, Feng M, Fu YF, Cheng XJ. A case of human infection with a novel Babesia species in China. Infect Dis Poverty. 2016;5:28. doi: 10.1186/s40249-016-0121-1 27025290
74. Andric B, Golubovic M, Terzic D, Dupanovic B, Icevic M. First diagnostic cases of human babesiosis in Montenegro. Braz J Infect Dis. 2012;16(5):498–9. doi: 10.1016/j.bjid.2012.04.001 22975172
75. Javed MZ, Srivastava M, Zhang S, Kandathil M. Concurrent babesiosis and ehrlichiosis in an elderly host. Mayo Clin Proc. 2001;76(5):563–5. doi: 10.4065/76.5.563 11357805
76. Slovut DP, Benedetti E, Matas AJ. Babesiosis and hemophagocytic syndrome in an asplenic renal transplant recipient. Transplantation. 1996;62(4):537–9. doi: 10.1097/00007890-199608270-00018 8781622
77. Auerbach M, Haubenstock A, Soloman G. Systemic babesiosis. Another cause of the hemophagocytic syndrome. Am J Med. 1986;80(2):301–3. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(86)90028-8 3946448
78. Ortiz JM, Eagle RC Jr. Ocular findings in human babesiosis (nantucket fever). Am J Ophthalmol. 1982;93(3):307–11. doi: 10.1016/0002-9394(82)90530-x 7200325
79. Acosta MEP, Ender PT, Smith EM, Jahre JA. Babesia microti infection, eastern Pennsylvania, USA. Emerg Infect Dis. 2013;19(7):1105–7. doi: 10.3201/eid1907.121593 23764008
80. Scharfman WB. Nantucket fever. An additional case of babesiosis. J Am Med Assoc. 1977;238(12):1281–2.
81. Blackberg J, Lazarevic VL, Hunfeld KP, Persson KEM. Low-virulent Babesia venatorum infection masquerading as hemophagocytic syndrome. Ann Hematol. 2017;97:731–3. doi: 10.1007/s00277-017-3220-6 29285582
82. Narurkar R, Mamorska-Dyga A, Nelson JC, Liu D. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with babesiosis. Biomark Res. 2017;5:14. doi: 10.1186/s40364-017-0095-6 28405337
83. Feliberti JP, Iyer D, Mody K, Almendral J. An unusual case of anemia in a heart transplant patient. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;69 (11):2386.
84. Jablonska J, Zarnowska-Prymek H, Stanczak J, Kozlowska J, Wiercinska-Drapalo A. Symptomatic co-infection with Babesia microti and Borrelia burgdorferi in patient after international exposure; a challenging case in Poland Ann Agric Environ Med. 2016;23(2):387–9. doi: 10.5604/12321966.1203914 27294655
85. Moniuszko-Malinowska A, Swiecicka I, Dunaj J, Zajkowska J, Czupryna P, Zambrowski G, et al. Infection with Babesia microti in humans with non-specific symptoms in North East Poland. Infect Dis (Lond). 2016;48(7):537–43.
86. Tomasiewicz K, Chmielewska-Badora J, Zwolinski J, Murias-Brylowska E. Analysis of main T-cell subsets and activated T supressor/cytotoxic cells in patients with Borrelia burgdorferi s. lato only infection and co-infections with Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Bartonella spp. and Babesia microti. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2016;23(1):111–5. doi: 10.5604/12321966.1196864 27007527
87. Surgers L, Belkadi G, Foucard A, Lalande V, Girard PM, Hennequin C. Babesiosis and Lyme disease co-infection in a female patient returning from the United States. Med Mal Infect. 2015;45(11–12):490–2. doi: 10.1016/j.medmal.2015.10.002 26525187
88. Mayne PJ. Clinical determinants of Lyme borreliosis, babesiosis, bartonellosis, anaplasmosis, and ehrlichiosis in an Australian cohort. Int J Gen Med. 2014;8:15–26. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S75825 25565883
89. Opalinska P, Wierzbicka A, Asman M. The PCR and nested PCR detection of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia microti in Dermacentor reticulatus F. collected in a new location in Poland (Trzciel, Western Poland). Acta Parasitol. 2016;61(4):849–54. doi: 10.1515/ap-2016-0117 27787203
90. Mierzejewska EJ, Pawelczyk A, Radkowski M, Welc-Faleciak R, Bajer A. Pathogens vectored by the tick, Dermacentor reticulatus, in endemic regions and zones of expansion in Poland. Parasit Vectors. 2015;8:490. doi: 10.1186/s13071-015-1099-4 26403456
91. Wojcik-Fatla A, Zajac V, Sawczyn A, Cisak E, Dutkiewicz J. Babesia spp. in questing ticks from eastern Poland: prevalence and species diversity. Parasitol Res. 2015;114(8):3111–6. doi: 10.1007/s00436-015-4529-5 25976982
92. Wojcik-Fatla A, Bartosik K, Buczek A, Dutkiewicz J. Babesia microti in adult Dermacentor reticulatus ticks from eastern Poland. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2012;12(10):841–3. doi: 10.1089/vbz.2011.0904 22651392
93. Garcia-Sanmartin J, Barandika JF, Juste RA, Garcia-Perez AL, Hurtado A. Distribution and molecular detection of Theileria and Babesia in questing ticks from northern Spain. Med Vet Entomol. 2008;22(4):318–25. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2008.00748.x 19120958
94. Welc-Faleciak R, Bajer A, Behnke JM, Sinski E. Effects of host diversity and the community composition of hard ticks (Ixodidae) on Babesia microti infection. Int J Med Microbiol. 2008;298(Suppl. 1):235–42.
95. Radzijevskaja J, Mardosaite-Busaitiene D, Aleksandraviciene A, Paulauskas A. Investigation of Babesia spp. in sympatric populations of Dermacentor reticulatus and Ixodes ricinus ticks in Lithuania and Latvia. Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2017;9:270–4. doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2017.09.013 28969995
96. Zajac V, Wojcik-Fatla A, Sawczyn A, Cisak E, Sroka J, Kloc A, et al. Prevalence of infections and co-infections with 6 pathogens in Dermacentor reticulatus ticks collected in eastern Poland. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2017;24:26–32. doi: 10.5604/12321966.1233893 28378977
97. Michelet L, Joncour G, Devillers E, Torina A, Vayssier-Taussat M, Bonnet SI, et al. Tick species, tick-borne pathogens and symbionts in an insular environment off the coast of Western France. Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2016;7(6):1109–15. doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2016.08.014 27622976
98. Hilpertshauser H, Deplazes P, Schnyder M, Gern L, Mathis A. Babesia spp. identified by PCR in ticks collected from domestic and wild ruminants in southern Switzerland. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2006;72(10):6503–7. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00823-06 17021198
99. Oksana K, Natalia S, Andrei P, Alexandr M, Inga U, Ion T. Mono- and Mixed- infections of tick-borne pathogens in various ecological foci in Moldova. Buletinul Academiei de Ştiinţe a Moldovei Ştiinţele vieţii. 2016;3:122–6.
100. Jia N, Zheng YC, Jiang JF, Jiang RR, Jiang BG, Wei R, et al. Human Babesiosis Caused by a Babesia crassa-like Pathogen: A Case Series. Clin Infect Dis. 2018;67(6):1110–9.
101. Zhang H, Sun Y, Jiang H, Huo X. Prevalence of Severe Febrile and Thrombocytopenic Syndrome Virus, Anaplasma spp. and Babesia microti in Hard Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) from Jiaodong Peninsula, Shandong Province. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2017;17(2):134–40. doi: 10.1089/vbz.2016.1978 28048951
102. Wei F, Song M, Liu H, Wang B, Wang S, Wang Z, et al. Molecular Detection and Characterization of Zoonotic and Veterinary Pathogens in Ticks from Northeastern China. Front Microbiol. 2016;7:1913. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01913 27965644
103. Chen Z, Liu Q, Liu J, Xu B, Lv S, Xia S, et al. Tick-borne pathogens and associated co-infections in ticks collected from domestic animals in central China. Parasit Vectors. 2014;7:237. doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-237 24886497
104. Morozov AC, Tischenkov AA, Proka AA, Silaghi C, Toderas IK, Movila AA, et al. Prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in ticks from migratory birds in republic of Moldova. Parasit Vectors. 2014;7(Suppl 1):P4.
105. Rybarova M, Honsova M, Papousek I, Siroky P. Variability of species of Babesia Starcovici, 1893 in three sympatric ticks (Ixodes ricinus, Dermacentor reticulatus and Haemaphysalis concinna) at the edge of Pannonia in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Folia Parasitol (Praha). 2017;64.
106. Hamsikova Z, Kazimirova M, Harustiakova D, Mahrikova L, Slovak M, Berthova L, et al. Babesia spp. in ticks and wildlife in different habitat types of Slovakia. Parasit Vectors. 2016;9(1):292. doi: 10.1186/s13071-016-1560-z 27207099
107. Goethert HK, Telford SR Iii. Enzootic transmission of Babesia divergens among cottontail rabbits on Nantucket Island, Massachusetts. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2003;69(5):455–60. 14695079
108. Rar VA, Epikhina TI, Livanova NN, Panov VV, Pukhovskaya NM, Vysochina NP, et al. Detection of Babesia DNA in small mammals and ixodid ticks in the North Urals, Western Siberia, and Far East of Russia. Mol Gen Microbiol Virol. 2010;25(3):118–23.
109. Chaligiannis I, Fernandez de Mera IG, Papa A, Sotiraki S, de la Fuente J. Molecular identification of tick-borne pathogens in ticks collected from dogs and small ruminants from Greece. Exp Appl Acarol. 2018;74:443–53. doi: 10.1007/s10493-018-0237-z 29516380
110. Cassini R, Marcer F, di Regalbono AF, Cancrini G, Gabrielli S, Moretti A, et al. New insights into the epidemiology of bovine piroplasmoses in Italy. Vet Parasitol. 2012;184(1):77–82. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.08.004 21864982
111. Karasartova D, Gureser AS, Gokce T, Celebi B, Yapar D, Keskin A, et al. Bacterial and protozoal pathogens found in ticks collected from humans in Corum province of Turkey. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2018;12:e0006395. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006395 29649265
112. Ogo NI, de Mera IG, Galindo RC, Okubanjo OO, Inuwa HM, Agbede RI, et al. Molecular identification of tick-borne pathogens in Nigerian ticks. Vet Parasitol. 2012;187(3–4):572–7. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.01.029 22326937
113. Lv J, Fernandez de Marco MDM, Goharriz H, Phipps LP, McElhinney LM, Hernandez-Triana LM, et al. Detection of tick-borne bacteria and babesia with zoonotic potential in Argas (Carios) vespertilionis (Latreille, 1802) ticks from British bats. Sci Rep. 2018;8:1865. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-20138-1 29382871
114. Maamun JM, Suleman MA, Akinyi M, Ozwara H, Kariuki T, Carlsson HE. Prevalence of Babesia microti in free-ranging baboons and African green monkeys. J Parasitol. 2011;97(1):63–7. doi: 10.1645/GE-2391.1 21348608
115. Mancini F, Di Luca M, Toma L, Vescio F, Bianchi R, Khoury C, et al. Prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in an urban park in Rome, Italy. Ann Agric Environ Med. 2014;21(4):723–7. doi: 10.5604/12321966.1129922 25528909
116. Georges K, Loria GR, Riili S, Greco A, Caracappa S, Jongejan F, et al. Detection of haemoparasites in cattle by reverse line blot hybridisation with a note on the distribution of ticks in Sicily. Vet Parasitol. 2001;99(4):273–86. doi: 10.1016/s0304-4017(01)00488-5 11511414
117. Pietrobelli M, Cancrini G, Moretti A, Tampieri MP. Animal babesiosis: an emerging zoonosis also in Italy? Parassitologia. 2007;49 Suppl 1:33–8.
118. Rudolf I, Golovchenko M, Šikutová S, Rudenko N, Grubhoffer L, Hubálek Z. Babesia microti (Piroplasmida: Babesiidae) in nymphal Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the Czech Republic. Folia Parasitol (Praha). 2005;52(3):274–6.
119. Katargina O, Geller J, Vasilenko V, Kuznetsova T, Jarvekulg L, Vene S, et al. Detection and characterization of Babesia species in Ixodes ticks in Estonia. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2011;11(7):923–8. doi: 10.1089/vbz.2010.0199 21395407
120. Mrljak V, Rafaj RB, Sušić V, Matijatko V, Kučer N, Kiš I. Antithrombin III in healthy dogs and in dogs suffering from babesiosis. Veterinarski Arhiv. 2005;75(6):477–86.
121. Health M. Manitoba annual tick-borne disease report, 2016. 2017 Contract No.: Report.
122. Burkot TR, Maupin GO, Schneider BS, Denatale C, Happ CM, Rutherford JS, et al. Use of a sentinel host system to study the questing behavior of Ixodes spinipalpis and its role in the transmission of Borrelia bissettii, human granulocytic ehrlichiosis, and Babesia microti. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2001;65(4):293–9. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2001.65.293 11693872
123. Stafford KC III, Williams SC, Magnarelli LA, Bharadwaj A, Ertel SH, Nelson RS. Expansion of zoonotic babesiosis and reported human cases, Connecticut, 2001–2010. J Med Entomol. 2014;51(1):245–52. doi: 10.1603/me13154 24605475
124. Da Rold G, Ravagnan S, Soppelsa F, Porcellato E, Soppelsa M, Obber F, et al. Ticks are more suitable than red foxes for monitoring zoonotic tick-borne pathogens in northeastern Italy. Parasit Vectors. 2018;11:137. doi: 10.1186/s13071-018-2726-7 29554970
125. Hornok S, Szoke K, Kovats D, Estok P, Gorfol T, Boldogh SA, et al. DNA of Piroplasms of Ruminants and Dogs in Ixodid Bat Ticks PLoS ONE. 2016;11(12):e0167735. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167735 27930692
126. Herwaldt BL, Linden JV, Bosserman E, Young C, Olkowska D, Wilson M. Transfusion-associated babesiosis in the United States: a description of cases. Ann Intern Med. 2011;155(8):509–19. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00362 21893613
127. Xu G, Mather TN, Hollingsworth CS, Rich SM. Passive Surveillance of Ixodes scapularis (Say), Their Biting Activity, and Associated Pathogens in Massachusetts Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2016;16(8):520–7. doi: 10.1089/vbz.2015.1912 27248292
128. Stromdahl E, Hamer S, Jenkins S, Sloan L, Williamson P, Foster E, et al. Comparison of phenology and pathogen prevalence, including infection with the Ehrlichia muris-like (EML) agent, of Ixodes scapularis removed from soldiers in the midwestern and the northeastern United States over a 15 year period (1997–2012). Parasit Vectors. 2014;7:553. doi: 10.1186/s13071-014-0553-z 25465046
129. O’Brien SF, Delage G, Scalia V, Lindsay R, Bernier F, Dubuc S, et al. Seroprevalence of Babesia microti infection in Canadian blood donors. Transfusion. 2016;56(1):237–43. doi: 10.1111/trf.13339 26426217
130. Shoemaker RC, Hudnell HK, House DE, Kempen A, Pakes GE. Atovaquone plus cholestyramine in patients coinfected with Babesia microti and Borrelia burgdorferi refractory to other treatment. Adv Ther. 2006;23(1):1–11. doi: 10.1007/bf02850341 16644602
131. Farzad E, Cator M, Giulivi A, Zhang J. Physician survey on knowledge and reporting practices of transfusion-transmitted infections in Canada Can J Public Health. 2004;95(6):451–5. 15622796
132. Guerrero Espejo A, Munoz Parada C, Tomas Dols S. Incidence of human babesiosis in Spain obtained from the diagnoses at hospital discharge. Med Clin (Barc). 2017;149:84–5.
133. Connally NP, Hinckley AF, Feldman KA, Kemperman M, Neitzel D, Wee SB, et al. Testing practices and volume of non-Lyme tickborne diseases in the United States. Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2016;7(1):193–8. doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2015.10.005 26565931
134. Capelli G, Ravagnan S, Montarsi F, Ciocchetta S, Cazzin S, Porcellato E, et al. Occurrence and identification of risk areas of Ixodes ricinus-borne pathogens: a cost-effectiveness analysis in north-eastern Italy. Parasit Vectors. 2012;5:61. doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-5-61 22452970
135. Bish EK, Moritz ED, El-Amine H, Bish DR, Stramer SL. Cost-effectiveness of Babesia microti antibody and nucleic acid blood donation screening using results from prospective investigational studies. Transfusion. 2015;55(9):2256–71. doi: 10.1111/trf.13136 25995054
136. Goodell AJ, Bloch EM, Krause PJ, Custer B. Costs, consequences, and cost-effectiveness of strategies for Babesia microti donor screening of the US blood supply. Transfusion. 2014;54(9):2245–57. doi: 10.1111/trf.12805 25109338
137. Simon MS, Leff JA, Pandya A, Cushing M, Shaz BH, Calfee DP, et al. Cost-effectiveness of blood donor screening for Babesia microti in endemic regions of the United States. Transfusion. 2013;54(3 Pt 2):889–99. doi: 10.1111/trf.12492 24252132
138. McCullough J, Goldfinger D, Gorlin J, Riley WJ, Sandhu H, Stowell C, et al. Cost implications of implementation of pathogen-inactivated platelets. Transfusion. 2015;55(10):2312–20. doi: 10.1111/trf.13149 25989465
139. Kim J, Cho S, Joo H, Tsuji M, Cho S, Park I, et al. First case of human babesiosis in Korea: detection and characterization of a novel type of Babesia sp. (KO1) similar to ovine Babesia. J Clin Microbiol. 2007;45(6):2084–7. doi: 10.1128/JCM.01334-06 17392446
140. Wilson M, Glaser KC, Adams-Fish D, Boley M, Mayda M, Molestina RE. Development of droplet digital PCR for the detection of Babesia microti and Babesia duncani. Exp Parasitol. 2015;149:24–31. doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2014.12.003 25500215
141. Magnarelli LA, Dumler JS, Anderson JF, Johnson RC, Fikrig E. Coexistence of antibodies to tick-borne pathogens of babesiosis, ehrlichiosis, and Lyme borreliosis in human sera. J Clin Microbiol. 1995;33(11):3054–7. 8576376
142. Krause PJ, Telford SR 3rd, Spielman A, Sikand V, Ryan R, Christianson D, et al. Concurrent Lyme disease and babesiosis. Evidence for increased severity and duration of illness. JAMA. 1996;275(21):1657–60. 8637139
143. Krause PJ, McKay K, Thompson CA, Sikand VK, Lentz R, Lepore T, et al. Disease-specific diagnosis of coinfecting tickborne zoonoses: babesiosis, human granulocytic ehrlichiosis, and Lyme disease. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;34(9):1184–91. doi: 10.1086/339813 11941544
144. Vannier EG, Diuk-Wasser MA, Ben Mamoun C, Krause PJ. Babesiosis. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2015;29(2):357–70. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2015.02.008 25999229
145. Krause PJ, Gewurz BE, Hill D, Marty FM, Vannier E, Foppa IM, et al. Persistent and relapsing babesiosis in immunocompromised patients. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2008;46(3):370–6. doi: 10.1086/525852 18181735
146. Mareedu N, Schotthoefer AM, Tompkins J, Hall MC, Fritsche TR, Frost HM. Risk Factors for Severe Infection, Hospitalization, and Prolonged Antimicrobial Therapy in Patients with Babesiosis. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2017;97:1218–25. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0146 28722598
147. Spaete J, Patrozou E, Rich JD, Sweeney JD. Red cell exchange transfusion for babesiosis in Rhode Island. J Clin Apher. 2009;24(3):97–105. doi: 10.1002/jca.20197 19291782
148. Zintl A, Mulcahy G, Skerrett HE, Taylor SM, Gray JS. Babesia divergens, a bovine blood parasite of veterinary and zoonotic importance. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2003;16(4):622–36. doi: 10.1128/CMR.16.4.622-636.2003 14557289
149. Wormser GP, Prasad A, Neuhaus E, Joshi S, Nowakowski J, Nelson J, et al. Emergence of resistance to azithromycin-atovaquone in immunocompromised patients with Babesia microti infection. Clin Infect Dis. 2010;50(3):381–6. doi: 10.1086/649859 20047477
150. Scott JD. First record of locally acquired human babesiosis in Canada caused by Babesia duncani: a case report. SAGE Open Med Case Rep. 2017;5:2050313X17725645.
151. Bullard JM, Ahsanuddin AN, Perry AM, Lindsay LR, Iranpour M, Dibernardo A, et al. The first case of locally acquired tick-borne Babesia microti infection in Canada. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 2014;25(6):e87–9. doi: 10.1155/2014/209521 25587297
152. Warren T, Lau R, Ralevski F, Rau N, Boggild AK. Fever in a visitor to Canada: a case of mistaken identity. J Clin Microbiol. 2015;53(5):1783–5. doi: 10.1128/JCM.00269-15 25762775
153. dos Santos CC, Kain KC. Two tick-borne diseases in one: a case report of concurrent babesiosis and Lyme disease in Ontario. CMAJ. 1999;160(13):1851–3. 10405671
154. Kunimoto D, Krause K, Morrison D. First case of (imported) babesiosis diagnosed in Canada Can J Infect Dis. 1998;9(6):387–9. doi: 10.1155/1998/564190 22346559
155. Cd Santos, Kain K. Concurrent babesiosis and Lyme disease diagnosed in Ontario Can Commun Dis Rep. 1998;24(12):97–101. 9659788
156. Jassoum SB, Fong IW, Hannach B, Kain KC. Transfusion-transmitted babesiosis in Ontario: first reported case in Canada. Can Commun Dis Rep. 2000;26(2):9–13. 10680253
157. Filstein MR, Benach JL, White DJ, Brody BA, Goldman WD, Bakal CW, et al. Serosurvey for human babesiosis in New York. J Infect Dis. 1980;141(4):518–21. doi: 10.1093/infdis/141.4.518 7189538
158. Krause PJ, Telford SR Iii, Ryan R, Hurta AB, Kwasnik I, Luger S, et al. Geographical and temporal distribution of babesial infection in Connecticut. J Clin Microbiol. 1991;29(1):1–4. 1993742
159. Brasseur P, Gorenflot A. Human babesiosis in Europe. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 1992;87 Suppl 3:131–2.
160. Fang DC, McCullough J. Transfusion-Transmitted Babesia microti. Transfus Med Rev. 2016;30(3):132–8. doi: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2016.04.002 27260107
161. Walsh GM, Shih AW, Solh Z, Golder M, Schubert P, Fearon M, et al. Blood-Borne Pathogens: A Canadian Blood Services Centre for Innovation Symposium. Transfus Med Rev. 2016;30(2):53–68. doi: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2016.02.003 26962008
162. Canadian Blood Services. Babesiosis Study 2018 [cited 23 May 2019]. https://blood.ca/en/blood/blood-safety/babesiosis-study-2018.
163. Lindsay LR, Ogden NH, Schofield SW. Review of methods to prevent and reduce the risk of Lyme disease. Can Commun Dis Rep. 2015;41(6):146–53. doi: 10.14745/ccdr.v41i06a04 29769946
164. Spielman A, Clifford CM, Piesman J, Corwin MD. Human babesiosis on Nantucket Island, USA: description of the vector, Ixodes (Ixodes) dammini, n. sp. (Acarina: Ixodidae). J Med Entomol. 1979;15(3):218–34. doi: 10.1093/jmedent/15.3.218 439119
165. Yabsley MJ, Shock BC. Natural history of Zoonotic Babesia: Role of wildlife reservoirs. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl. 2013;2:18–31. doi: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2012.11.003 24533312
166. Marjolet M. Note to the editor. Bulletin de la Societe de Pathologie Exotique. 2002;95(4):304.
167. Swei A, O’Connor KE, Couper LI, Thekkiniath J, Conrad PA, Padgett KA, et al. Evidence for transmission of the zoonotic apicomplexan parasite Babesia duncani by the tick Dermacentor albipictus. Int J Parasitol. 2019;49(2):95–103. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2018.07.002 30367862
Článok vyšiel v časopise
PLOS One
2019 Číslo 12
- Metamizol jako analgetikum první volby: kdy, pro koho, jak a proč?
- Nejasný stín na plicích – kazuistika
- Masturbační chování žen v ČR − dotazníková studie
- Těžké menstruační krvácení může značit poruchu krevní srážlivosti. Jaký management vyšetření a léčby je v takovém případě vhodný?
- Fixní kombinace paracetamol/kodein nabízí synergické analgetické účinky
Najčítanejšie v tomto čísle
- Methylsulfonylmethane increases osteogenesis and regulates the mineralization of the matrix by transglutaminase 2 in SHED cells
- Oregano powder reduces Streptococcus and increases SCFA concentration in a mixed bacterial culture assay
- The characteristic of patulous eustachian tube patients diagnosed by the JOS diagnostic criteria
- Parametric CAD modeling for open source scientific hardware: Comparing OpenSCAD and FreeCAD Python scripts