Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (t-VNS): A novel effective treatment for temper outbursts in adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome indicated by results from a non-blind study
Autoři:
Katherine E. Manning aff001; Jessica A. Beresford-Webb aff001; Lucie C. S. Aman aff001; Howard A. Ring aff001; Peter C. Watson aff004; Stephen W. Porges aff005; Chris Oliver aff006; Sally R. Jennings aff001; Anthony J. Holland aff001
Působiště autorů:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom
aff001; School of Health and Social Care, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex, United Kingdom
aff002; Essex Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Wickford, Essex, United Kingdom
aff003; MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom
aff004; Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
aff005; School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom
aff006
Vyšlo v časopise:
PLoS ONE 14(12)
Kategorie:
Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223750
Souhrn
Temper outbursts are a severe problem for people with Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS). Previous reports indicate that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) may reduce maladaptive behaviour in neurodevelopmental disorders, including PWS. We systematically investigated the effectiveness of transcutaneous VNS (t-VNS) in PWS. Using a non-blind single case repeat measures modified ABA design, with participants as their own controls, t-VNS was evaluated in five individuals with PWS [three males; age 22–41 (M = 26.8)]. After a baseline phase, participants received four-hours of t-VNS daily for 12 months, followed by one month of daily t-VNS for two-hours. The primary outcome measure was the mean number of behavioural outbursts per day. Secondary outcomes included findings from behavioural questionnaires and both qualitative and goal attainment interviews. Four of the five participants who completed the study exhibited a statistically significant reduction in number and severity of temper outbursts after approximately nine months of daily four-hour t-VNS. Subsequent two-hour daily t-VNS was associated with increased outbursts for all participants, two reaching significance. Questionnaire and interview data supported these findings, the latter indicating potential mechanisms of action. No serious safety issues were reported. t-VNS is an effective, novel and safe intervention for chronic temper outbursts in PWS. We propose these changes are mediated through vagal projections and their effects both centrally and on the functioning of the parasympathetic nervous system. These findings challenge our present biopsychosocial understanding of such behaviours suggesting that there is a single major mechanism that is modifiable using t-VNS. This intervention is potentially generalizable across other clinical groups. Future research should address the lack of a sham condition in this study along with the prevalence of high drop out rates, and the potential effects of different stimulation intensities, frequencies and pulse widths.
Klíčová slova:
Quality of life – Behavior – Emotions – Clinical genetics – Aggression – Prader-Willi syndrome – Behavioral disorders – Epilepsy
Zdroje
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