Longitudinal changes in structural lung abnormalities using MDCT in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with asthma-like features

English version

Autoři: Rie Anazawa ^aff001; Naoko Kawata ^aff001; Yukiko Matsuura ^aff001; Jun Ikari ^aff001; Yuji Tada ^aff001; Masaki Suzuki ^aff001; Shin Takayanagi ^aff001; Shin Matsuoka ^aff002; Shoichiro Matsushita ^aff002; Koichiro Tatsumi ^aff001
Působiště autorů: Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, Japan ^aff001; Department of Radiology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, Japan ^aff002
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(12)
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227141

Souhrn

Background

Some patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have asthma-like features. However, there have been few reports on the structural lung abnormalities found in this patient population. Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) can detect emphysematous low-attenuation areas (LAA) within the lung, airway thickness (wall area percentage, WA%), and the loss of pulmonary vasculature as the percentage of small pulmonary vessels with cross-sectional area (CSA) less than 5 mm² (%CSA<5). We analyzed differences in structural lung changes over time between patients with COPD and those with COPD with asthma-like features using these CT parameters.

Material and methods

We performed pulmonary function tests (PFTs), MDCT, and a COPD assessment test (CAT) in 50 patients with COPD and 29 patients with COPD with asthma-like features at the time of enrollment and two years later. We analyzed changes in clinical parameters and CT indices over time and evaluated differences in structural changes between groups.

Results

The CAT score and FEV₁ did not significantly change during the follow-up period in either group. Emphysematous LAA regions significantly increased in both groups. The %CSA<5 showed a small but significant increase in COPD patients, but a significant decrease in patients with COPD with asthma-like features. The WA% at the distal bronchi was significantly decreased in COPD, but did not significantly change in COPD with asthma -like features.

Conclusion

Emphysematous LAA increased in patients with COPD with and without asthma-like features. The %CSA<5 and WA% at the distal bronchi did not change in parallel with LAA. Furthermore, changes in %CSA<5 were significantly different between patients with COPD and those with COPD with asthma-like features. Patients with COPD with asthma-like features may have different longitudinal structural changes than those seen in COPD patients.

Klíčová slova:

Pulmonary function – Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease – Computed axial tomography – Smoking habits – Asthma – Bronchi – Emphysema – Bronchodilators

Zdroje

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