Evaluating the cross-cultural validity of the Dutch version of the Social Exclusion Index for Health Surveys (SEI-HS): A mixed methods study

English version

Autoři: Addi P. L. van Bergen ^aff001; Annelies van Loon ^aff003; Matty A. S. de Wit ^aff003; Stella J. M. Hoff ^aff004; Judith R. L. M. Wolf ^aff005; Albert M. van Hemert ^aff002
Působiště autorů: Staff Department, Public Health Service Hollands Midden, Leiden, The Netherlands ^aff001; Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands ^aff002; Department of Epidemiology, Health Promotion and Care Innovation, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ^aff003; Department of Income and Social Security, The Netherlands Institute of Social Research|SCP, The Hague, The Netherlands ^aff004; Impuls, the Netherlands Center for Social Care Research, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands ^aff005
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(11)
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224687

Souhrn

Background

The recently developed Social Exclusion Index for Health Surveys (SEI-HS) revealed particularly strong social exclusion in non-Western immigrant groups compared to the native Dutch population. To qualify such results, cross-cultural validation of the SEI-HS in non-Western immigrant groups is called for.

Methods

A sequential explanatory mixed methods design was used, employing quantitative data from the Netherlands Public Health Monitor along with qualitative interviews. Data from 1,803 adults aged 19 years or older of Surinamese, 1,009 of Moroccan and 1,164 of Turkish background and 19,318 native Dutch living in the four largest cities in the Netherlands were used to test the factorial structure of the SEI-HS and differential item functioning across immigrant groups. Additionally, 52 respondents with a high score on the SEI-HS and from different background were interviewed on the item content of the SEI-HS and subjective feelings of exclusion. For each SEI-HS item the semantic, conceptual and contextual connotations were coded and compared between the immigrant groups and native Dutch.

Results

High levels of social exclusion were found in 20.0% of the urban population of Surinamese origin, 20.9% of Moroccan, 28.7% of Turkish and 4.2% of native Dutch origin. The 4-factor structure of the SEI-HS was confirmed in all three immigrant groups. None of the items demonstrated substantial differential item functioning in relation to immigration background. The interviews uncovered some methodological shortcomings, but these did not substantially impact the observed excess of social exclusion in immigrant groups.

Conclusions

The present study provides evidence in support of the validity of the SEI-HS in adults of Surinamese, Moroccan and Turkish background and confirms the major social exclusion of these immigrant groups in the main cities in the Netherlands. Policy measures to enhance social inclusion and reduce exclusion are urgently needed.

Klíčová slova:

Public and occupational health – Qualitative studies – Dutch people – Cross-cultural studies – Semantics – Netherlands – Health surveys – Conceptual semantics

Zdroje

1. Millar J. Social exclusion and social policy research: defining exclusion. In: Abrams D. CJ, Gordon D., editor. Multidisciplinary handbook of social exclusion research. Chichester, England: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.; 2007. p. 1–16.

2. Popay J, Escorel S, Hernández M, Johnston H, Mathieson J, Rispel L. Understanding and Tackling Social Exclusion. Final Report to the WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health from the Social Exclusion Knowledge Network. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2008.

3. Mathieson J, Popay J, Enoch E, Escorel S, Hernandez M, Johnston H, et al. Social Exclusion. Meaning, measurement and experience and links to health inequalities. A review of literature. Geneva: WHO Social Exclusion Knowledge Network; 2008.

4. Pemberton S, Sutton E, Fahmy E. A review of the qualitative evidence relation to the experience of poverty and exclusion. Poverty and Social Exclusion in the UK Working Paper Methods Series No. 22; 2013. p. 1–60.

5. Taket A, Crisp BR, Nevill A, Lamaro G, Graham M, Barter-Godfrey S. Theorising social exclusion. Routledge; 2009.

6. UNDP. Beyond transition: towards inclusive societies. Bratislava: United Nations Development Programme, Regional Bureau for Europe and CIS; 2011.

7. Reutter LI, Stewart MJ, Veenstra G, Love R, Raphael D, Makwarimba E. “Who Do They Think We Are, Anyway?”: Perceptions of and Responses to Poverty Stigma. Qualitative Health Research. 2009;19(3):297–311. doi: 10.1177/1049732308330246 19224874

8. Cook K. Not measuring up: low-income women receiving welfare benefits. In: Taket A, Crisp BR, Nevill A, Lamaro G, Graham M, Barter-Godfrey S, editors. Theorising social exclusion. Routledge; 2009. p. 65–77.

9. Smit PJ, Brady M, Carter M, Fernandes R, Lamore L, Meulbroek M, et al. HIV-related stigma within communities of gay men: a literature review. AIDS Care. 2012;24(4):405–12. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2011.613910 22117138

10. Martin E, Pallotta-Chiarolli M. ‘Exclusion by inclusion’: bisexual young people, marginalisation and mental health in relation to substance abuse. In: Taket A, Crisp BR, Nevill A, Lamaro G, Graham M, Barter-Godfrey S, editors. Theorising social exclusion. Routledge; 2009:143–53.

11. WHO. Poverty, social exclusion and health systems in the WHO European Region. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2010.

12. Popay J, Escorel S, Hernández M, Johnston H, Mathieson J, Rispel L. Social exclusion and health inequalities: definitions, policies and actions. In: Lee J, Sadana R, editors. Improving Equity in Health by Addressing Social Determinants. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2011. p. 88–114.

13. Ingleby D. European research on migration and health. Brussels: International Organization for Migration; 2009.

14. Padilla B, Miguel JP. Health and migration in the European Union: Building a shared vision for action. Health and migration in the European Union: Better Health for All in an Inclusive Society. 2009;(1ª):15–22.

15. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. International migrant stock 2015 [25 January 2019]. Available from: http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/data/estimates2/estimates15.shtml.

16. Statistics Netherlands [Internet]. Bevolking; ontwikkeling in gemeenten met 100 000 of meer inwoners [25 January 2019]. Available from: https://statline.cbs.nl/Statweb/publication/?DM=SLNL&PA=70748NED&D1=0,2,4,15,17,19,21,23&D2=0&D3=0&D4=0,5,15,24,26&D5=l&HDR=T&STB=G4,G2,G1,G3&VW=T.

17. Schrover M. Dutch migration history: looking back and moving forward. TSEG/ Low Countries Journal of Social and Economic History. 2014;11(2):20.

18. Rechel B, editor. Migration and health in the European Union. McGraw-Hill Education (UK); 2011.

19. Fassaert T, De Wit M, Tuinebreijer W, Wouters H, Verhoeff A, Beekman A, et al. Psychometric properties of an interviewer‐administered version of the Kessler Psychological Distress scale (K10) among Dutch, Moroccan and Turkish respondents. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research. 2009;18(3):159–68. doi: 10.1002/mpr.288 19701920

20. Vrooman J, Hoff S. The Disadvantaged Among the Dutch: A Survey Approach to the Multidimensional Measurement of Social Exclusion. Social Indicators Research. 2013;113(3):1261–87. doi: 10.1007/s11205-012-0138-1

21. National Institute for Public Health and Environment. Standaardvraagstellingen Volwassenen en Ouderen [Standardized questionnaires Adults and Elderly] [25 January 2019]. Available from: https://www.monitorgezondheid.nl/vragenlijsten/vragenlijsten-volwassenen-en-ouderen.

22. Drukker M, Kaplan C, Feron F, Van Os J. Children's health-related quality of life, neighbourhood socio-economic deprivation and social capital. A contextual analysis. Social Science & Medicine. 2003;57(5):825–41.

23. De Jong Gierveld J, Van Tilburg T. Manual of the Loneliness Scale 1999. Amsterdam: Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; 2017 [25 January 2019]. Available from: http://home.fsw.vu.nl/tg.van.tilburg/manual_loneliness_scale_1999.html#referentie-11itemscale.

24. Van Bergen AP, Hoff SJ, Schreurs H, Van Loon A, Van Hemert AM. Social Exclusion Index-for Health Surveys (SEI-HS): a prospective nationwide study to extend and validate a multidimensional social exclusion questionnaire. BMC Public Health. 2017;17(1):253. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4175-1 28288609

25. He J, Van de Vijver FJ. A general response style factor: Evidence from a multi-ethnic study in the Netherlands. Personality and Individual Differences. 2013;55(7):794–800.

26. Morren M, Gelissen JP, Vermunt JK. Response strategies and response styles in cross-cultural surveys. Cross-Cultural Research. 2012;46(3):255–79.

27. Hambleton R, Rodgers J. Item bias review. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation. 1995;4(6):1–3. Available from: http://PAREonline.net/getvn.asp?v=4&n=6.

28. Van Bergen APL, Van Loon A. Methodologische toelichting bij Sociale Uitsluitingsindex Gezondheidsenquête. [A methodological note on the Social Exclusion Index for Health Surveys]. Amsterdam: Public Mental Healthcare Academic Collaborative Centre of Amsterdam, The Hague, Rotterdam and Utrecht: G4-USER; 2013.

29. Vollebergh W, Veenman J, Hagendoorn L, editors. Integrating Immigrants in the Netherlands: Cultural Versus Socio-Economic Integration. Routledge; 2017.

30. Statistics Netherlands. Annual report on integration 2018. Summary. The Hague: Statistics Netherlands; 2018. Available from: https://www.cbs.nl/en-gb/publication/2018/47/annual-report-on-integration-2018.

31. Mokkink LB, Terwee CB, Patrick DL, Alonso J, Stratford PW, Knol DL, et al. The COSMIN checklist for assessing the methodological quality of studies on measurement properties of health status measurement instruments: an international Delphi study. Quality of Life Research. 2010;19(4):539–49. doi: 10.1007/s11136-010-9606-8 20169472

32. Luyt R. A framework for mixing methods in quantitative measurement development, validation, and revision: A case study. Journal of Mixed Methods Research. 2012;6(4):294–316.

33. Ivankova NV, Creswell JW, Stick SL. Using mixed-methods sequential explanatory design: From theory to practice. Field Methods. 2006;18(1):3–20.

34. Creswell JW, Clark VLP. Designing and conducting mixed methods research. 2nd ed. Sage publications; 2017.

35. Statistics Netherlands. Opbouw en instructie Gezondheidsmonitor 2012 [Structure and instruction Health Monitor 2012]: Statistics Netherlands; 2015. Available from: https://www.cbs.nl/nl-nl/onze-diensten/maatwerk-en-microdata/microdata-zelf-onderzoek-doen/microdatabestanden/gezondheidsmonitor-2012-opbouw-en-instructie-totaalbestand.

36. De Jong Gierveld J, Kamphuis FH. The development of a Rasch-type loneliness-scale. Applied Psychological Measurement. 1985;9(3):289–99.

37. Buelens B, Meijers R, Tennekens M. Weging Gezondheidsmonitor 2012 [Weighting procedure Health Monitor 2012]. Heerlen: Statistics Netherlands; 2013.

38. Byrne BM. Structural equation modeling with AMOS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. Routledge; 2016.

39. Crane PK, Gibbons LE, Jolley L, van Belle G. Differential item functioning analysis with ordinal logistic regression techniques: DIFdetect and difwithpar. Medical Care. 2006:S115–S23. doi: 10.1097/01.mlr.0000245183.28384.ed 17060818

40. Jodoin MG, Gierl MJ. Evaluating type I error and power rates using an effect size measure with the logistic regression procedure for DIF detection. Applied Measurement in Education. 2001;14(4):329–49.

41. Scott NW, Fayers PM, Aaronson NK, Bottomley A, de Graeff A, Groenvold M, et al. Differential item functioning (DIF) analyses of health-related quality of life instruments using logistic regression. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. 2010;8(1):81.

42. Tong A, Sainsbury P, Craig J. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. International Journal for Quality in Health Care. 2007;19(6):349–57. doi: 10.1093/intqhc/mzm042 17872937

43. Von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, Gøtzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP, et al. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. PLoS Medicine. 2007;4(10):e296. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0040296 17941714

44. De Jong-Gierveld J. Eenzaamheid: Een meersporig onderzoek [Loneliness: A multimethod approach]. Deventer: Van Loghum Slaterus; 1984.

45. Sampson RJ, Raudenbush SW, Earls F. Neighborhoods and violent crime: A multilevel study of collective efficacy. Science. 1997;277(5328):918–24. doi: 10.1126/science.277.5328.918 9252316

46. Levitas R, Pantazis C, Fahmy E, Gordon D, Lloyd E, Patsios D. The multi-dimensional analysis of social exclusion. Bristol: University of Bristol, 2007.

47. Boateng GO, Neilands TB, Frongillo EA, Melgar-Quiñonez HR, Young SL. Best Practices for Developing and Validating Scales for Health, Social, and Behavioral Research: A Primer. Frontiers in Public Health. 2018;6(149). doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00149 29942800

48. Morren M, Gelissen JP, Vermunt JK. Exploring the response process of culturally differing survey respondents with a response style: A sequential mixed methods study. Field Methods. 2013;25(2):162–81.

49. Carlier BE, van Ameijden EJC, van den Brink CL, Bouwman-Notenboom AJ, van Bergen APL. Enquêteonderzoek onder achterstandsgroepen. Non-respons en interne validiteit [Survey research among disadvantaged groups. Non-response and internal validity]. Utrecht: GG&GD Utrecht; 2007.

50. Helberg-Proctor A, Meershoek A, Krumeich A, Horstman K. ‘Foreigners’,‘ethnic minorities’, and ‘non-Western allochtoons’: an analysis of the development of ‘ethnicity’in health policy in the Netherlands from 1970 to 2015. BMC Public Health. 2017;17(1):132. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4063-8 28137257

51. Reis R. Verschil maken: uitdagingen voor een antropologie in public health. Oratie uitgesproken door Prof.dr. Ria Reis [Making a difference: challenges for anthropology in public health. Inaugural lecture delivered by Prof.dr. Ria Reis]. Leiden: Leiden University; 2010.