Effect of mechanochemical activation of natural phosphorite structure as well as phosphorus solubility
Autoři:
Nana Fang aff001; Yuanliang Shi aff002; Zhenhua Chen aff002; Xun Sun aff002; Lei Zhang aff002; Yanli Yi aff001
Působiště autorů:
College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
aff001; Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
aff002
Vyšlo v časopise:
PLoS ONE 14(11)
Kategorie:
Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224423
Souhrn
Mechanochemical treatment of phosphate rock is considered as an effective and ecologically clean way of treating the medium- and low-grade phosphorite which could be used as fertilizer instead of the high-grade phosphorite. In order to investigate the effects of different milling times on the mechanochemically activated phosphorite (lower total phosphorus content) by more efficient milling equipment with enhanced milling speed, phosphorus solubility in citric acid and structural characteristics of natural and mechanochemically activated phosphorite from Yichang, China were studied using scanning electron microscope, infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Phosphorus solubility in citric acid increased proportionately with the milling time until 30 min (57.51%), but then gradually reached an equilibrium with the maximum (59.03%) in 50 min. These changes were mainly manifested in considerably reduced particle size, decreased crystallinity and increased structural defects of phosphorite due to substitution of PO43- with CO32- and the incorporation of OH-. With the incorporation of CO32- and OH-, the non-activated carbonate-fluorapatite (type B) was transformed into a mixture of carbonate-fluorapatite, hydroxyapatite, fluorocarbon hydroxyapatite and/or carbonate apatite, respectively during the process of mechanochemical activation. As a result of the structural and phase transformations after mechanochemical activation, phosphorus solubility remarkably increased.
Klíčová slova:
Crystal structure – Calcite – Fertilizers – Infrared spectroscopy – Carbonates – Citric acid – Solubility – Diffraction
Zdroje
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