Seasonal alternation of the ontogenetic development of the moon jellyfish Aurelia coerulea in Maizuru Bay, Japan
Autoři:
Kentaro S. Suzuki aff001; Keita W. Suzuki aff002; Emi Kumakura aff003; Kana Sato aff003; Yutaro Oe aff004; Tasuku Sato aff004; Hideki Sawada aff002; Reiji Masuda aff002; Yasuyuki Nogata aff001
Působiště autorů:
Environmental Science Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Abiko, Chiba, Japan
aff001; Maizuru Fisheries Research Station, Field Science Education and Research Center, Kyoto University, Maizuru, Kyoto, Japan
aff002; CERES Inc., Abiko, Chiba, Japan
aff003; College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
aff004
Vyšlo v časopise:
PLoS ONE 14(11)
Kategorie:
Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225513
Souhrn
Outbreaks of moon jellyfish Aurelia spp. are frequently reported from many parts of the world’s coastal areas. Aurelia spp. canonically show a metagenetic life cycle in which planulae transform into sessile polyps, which can drastically increase in number through asexual reproduction. Therefore, their asexual reproduction has been recognized as one of the major causes of the outbreaks. Aurelia spp. also show direct development that lacks asexual reproduction during the polyp stage, which prevents us from understanding the mechanisms of its outbreaks. To clarify the seasonality of the metagenetic and direct-development life cycles of Aurelia sp. in Maizuru Bay, Japan, we conducted field observations and laboratory experiments throughout the year. Additionally, the two life cycle types were genetically analyzed to confirm that they belong to the single species Aurelia coerulea, which dominates in coastal waters in Japan. From July until October, Aurelia coerulea produced smaller eggs and planulae all of which developed into polyps. However, from December until May, larger eggs and planulae were produced and 90% of the planulae developed into planktonic ephyrae bypassing the sessile polyp stage. Our results demonstrated that a single species, A. coerulea, seasonally shifts between their two life cycle types at a water temperature threshold of 20°C in Maizuru Bay. The higher energy storage of larger planulae was suggested to enable the planulae to develop into ephyrae without external energy input through feeding during the polyp stage. The adaptive significances of the two life cycle types were also discussed.
Klíčová slova:
Ovaries – Copepods – Predation – Spawning – Life cycles – Salinity – Oocytes – Asexual reproduction
Zdroje
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