Epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates colonizing pigs with different exposure to antibiotics

English version

Autoři: Elizeth Lopes ^aff001; Teresa Conceição ^aff001; Laurent Poirel ^aff002; Hermínia de Lencastre ^aff001; Marta Aires-de-Sousa ^aff001
Působiště autorů: Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal ^aff001; Emerging Antibiotic Resistance Unit, Medical and Molecular Microbiology, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland ^aff002; French INSERM European Unit, University of Fribourg (LEA-IAME), Fribourg, Switzerland ^aff003; National Reference Center for Emerging Antibiotic Resistance, Fribourg, Switzerland ^aff004; Laboratory of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, United States of America ^aff005; Escola Superior de Saúde da Cruz Vermelha Portuguesa, Lisbon, Portugal ^aff006
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(11)
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225497

Souhrn

Background

In 2016, very high rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-ST398 (99%) were found in Portuguese pig farms that used colistin, amoxicillin, and zinc oxide as feed additives. Since then, farms A and B banned the use of colistin, and farm C banned the use of both antibiotics.

Objective

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of the ban of colistin and amoxicillin on pig MRSA carriage rates, clonal types and antimicrobial resistance, compared to the results obtained in 2016.

Methods

In 2018, 103 pigs (52 from farm B using amoxicillin only as a feed additive and 51 from farm C where no antibiotics were included in the feed regimen) were nasally swabbed for MRSA colonization. Isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility, and characterised by spa typing, SCCmec typing and MLST. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed for representative isolates.

Results

Overall, 96% of the pigs swabbed in 2018 carried MRSA, mostly ST398-SCCmec V-spa types t011/t108. MRSA from pigs not receiving antibiotics in the feed regimen showed susceptibility to a higher number of antibiotics, namely erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and chloramphenicol. Notably, most of these isolates (n = 52) presented an unusual erythromycin-susceptibility/clindamycin-resistance phenotype. WGS showed that these isolates lacked the erm and the lnu genes encoding resistance to macrolides and lincosamides, respectively, but carried the vgaA_LC gene encoding resistance to lincosamides, which is here firstly identified in S. aureus ST398.

Conclusion

After two years the ban of colistin and amoxicillin as feed additives had no significant impact on the MRSA nasal carriage rates. Nevertheless, the MRSA strains circulating in those farms showed resistance to a lower number of antibiotic classes.

Klíčová slova:

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus – Antimicrobials – Antibiotics – Antimicrobial resistance – Antibiotic resistance – Swine – Farms – Chloramphenicol

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