Investigation on the hereditary basis of colorectal cancers in an African population with frequent early onset cases

English version

Autoři: Leolin Katsidzira ^aff001; Anna Vorster ^aff002; Innocent T. Gangaidzo ^aff001; Rudo Makunike-Mutasa ^aff004; Dhiren Govender ^aff005; Simbarashe Rusakaniko ^aff006; Sandie Thomson ^aff007; Jonathan A. Matenga ^aff001; Raj Ramesar ^aff002
Působiště autorů: Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe ^aff001; MRC/UCT Research Unit for Genomic and Precision Medicine, Division of Human Genetics, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa ^aff002; Central Analytical Facility (CAF), DNA Sequencing Unit, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa ^aff003; Department of Histopathology, College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe ^aff004; Division of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, and National Health Laboratory Service Groote Schuur hospital, Cape Town, South Africa ^aff005; Department of Community Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe ^aff006; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa ^aff007
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(10)
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224023

Souhrn

Background

Approximately 25% of colorectal cancer patients in sub-Saharan Africa are younger than 40 years, and hereditary factors may contribute. We investigated the frequency and patterns of inherited colorectal cancer among black Zimbabweans.

Methods

A population-based cross-sectional study of ninety individuals with a new diagnosis of colorectal cancer was carried out in Harare, Zimbabwe between November 2012 and December 2015. Phenotypic data was obtained using interviewer administered questionnaires, and reviewing clinical and pathology data. Cases were screened for mismatch repair deficiency by immunohistochemistry and/or microsatellite instability testing, and for MLH1, MSH2 and EPCAM deletions using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. Next generation sequencing using a 16-gene panel was performed for cases with phenotypic features consistent with familial colorectal cancer. Variants were assessed for pathogenicity using the mean allele frequency, phenotypic features and searching online databases.

Results

Three Lynch syndrome cases were identified: MSH2 c.2634G>A pathogenic mutation, c.(1896+1_1897–1)_(*193_?)del , and one fulfilling the Amsterdam criteria, with MLH1 and PMS2 deficiency, but no identifiable pathogenic mutation. Two other cases had a strong family history of cancers, but the exact syndrome was not identified. The prevalence of Lynch syndrome was 3·3% (95% CI 0·7–9·4), and that of familial colorectal cancer was 5·6% (95% CI, 1·8–12·5).

Conclusions

Identifying cases of inherited colorectal cancer in sub-Saharan Africa is feasible, and our findings can inform screening guidelines appropriate to this setting.

Klíčová slova:

Africa – Rectum – Colorectal cancer – Next-generation sequencing – Colon – Zimbabwe – Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer – Mismatch repair

Zdroje

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