Understanding spatial patterns of soils for sustainable agriculture in northern Ethiopia’s tropical mountains

English version

Autoři: Jan Nyssen ^aff001; Sander Tielens ^aff002; Tesfamichael Gebreyohannes ^aff003; Tigist Araya ^aff004; Kassa Teka ^aff004; Johan Van de Wauw ^aff002; Karen Degeyndt ^aff002; Katrien Descheemaeker ^aff005; Kassa Amare ^aff003; Mitiku Haile ^aff004; Amanuel Zenebe ^aff004; Neil Munro ^aff006; Kristine Walraevens ^aff007; Kindeya Gebrehiwot ^aff004; Jean Poesen ^aff002; Amaury Frankl ^aff001; Alemtsehay Tsegay ^aff009; Jozef Deckers ^aff002
Působiště autorů: Department of Geography, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium ^aff001; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium ^aff002; Department of Earth Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia ^aff003; Department of Land Resources Management and Environmental Protection, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia ^aff004; Department of Plant Production Systems, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands ^aff005; Institute of Climate and Society, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia ^aff006; Department of Geology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium ^aff007; Research Foundation—Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium ^aff008; Department of Dryland Crop and Horticultural Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia ^aff009
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(10)
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224041

Souhrn

Knowledge of the geographical distribution of soils is indispensable for policy and decision makers to achieve the goal of increasing agricultural production and reduce poverty, particularly in the Global South. A study was conducted to better understand the soilscapes of the Giba catchment (900–3300 m a.s.l.; 5133 km²) in northern Ethiopia, so as to sustain soil use and management. To characterise the chemical and physical properties of the different benchmark soils and to classify them in line with the World Reference Base of Soil Resources, 141 soil profile pits and 1381 soil augerings at representative sites were analysed. The dominant soil units identified are Leptosol and bare rock (19% coverage), Vertic Cambisol (14%), Regosol and Cambisol (10%), Skeletic/Leptic Cambisol and Regosol (9%), Rendzic Leptosol (7%), Calcaric/Calcic Vertisol (6%), Chromic Luvisol (6%) and Chromic/Pellic Vertisol (5%). Together these eight soil units cover almost 75% of the catchment. Topography and parent material are the major influencing factors that explain the soil distribution. Besides these two factors, land cover that is strongly impacted by human activities, may not be overlooked. Our soil suitability study shows that currently, after thousands of years of agricultural land use, a new dynamic equilibrium has come into existence in the soilscape, in which ca. 40% of the catchment is very suitable, and 25% is moderately suitable for agricultural production. In view of such large suitable areas, the Giba catchment has a good agricultural potential if soil erosion rates can be controlled, soil fertility (particularly nitrogen) increased, available water optimally used, and henceforth crop yields increased.

Klíčová slova:

Erosion – Agricultural soil science – Crops – Valleys – Soil chemistry – Clay mineralogy – Basalt – Paleopedology

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Understanding spatial patterns of soils for sustainable agriculture in northern Ethiopia’s tropical mountains

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