Aging and the wandering brain: Age-related differences in the neural correlates of stimulus-independent thoughts
Autoři:
David Maillet aff001; Roger E. Beaty aff002; Areeba Adnan aff003; Kieran C. R. Fox aff004; Gary R. Turner aff003; R. Nathan Spreng aff006
Působiště autorů:
Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, University of Toronto, North York, ON, Canada
aff001; Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
aff002; Department of Psychology, York University, Sherman Health Science Research Centre, Keele Campus, Toronto, Canada
aff003; Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
aff004; School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
aff005; Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
aff006; Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
aff007
Vyšlo v časopise:
PLoS ONE 14(10)
Kategorie:
Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223981
Souhrn
In recent years, several studies have indicated that healthy older adults exhibit a reduction in task-unrelated thoughts compared to young adults. However, much less is known regarding age-related differences in time spent engaging in stimulus-independent thoughts or in their neural correlates in the absence of an ongoing task. In the current study, we collected functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data while 29 young (mean age = 22y) and 22 older (mean age = 70y) adults underwent experience sampling in the absence of an ongoing task (i.e., at “rest”). Although both age groups reported spending a similar amount of time engaged in stimulus-independent thoughts, older adults rated their thoughts as more present-oriented (rather than atemporal) and more novel. Moreover, controlling for these age-related differences in content, we found that experiencing stimulus-independent thoughts was associated with increased posterior cingulate and left angular gyrus activation across age groups compared to exhibiting an external focus of attention. When experiencing stimulus-independent thoughts, younger adults engaged medial and left lateral prefrontal cortex as well as left superior temporal gyrus to a greater degree than older adults. Taken together, our results suggest that, in the absence of an ongoing task, although young and older adults spend a similar amount of time engaging in stimulus-independent thoughts, the content and neural correlates of these thoughts differ with age.
Klíčová slova:
Prefrontal cortex – Cognition – Functional magnetic resonance imaging – Magnetic resonance imaging – Elderly – Young adults – Attention – Cerebellum
Zdroje
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