Shipworm bioerosion of lithic substrates in a freshwater setting, Abatan River, Philippines: Ichnologic, paleoenvironmental and biogeomorphical implications
Autoři:
J. Reuben Shipway aff001; Gary Rosenberg aff003; Gisela P. Concepcion aff004; Margo G. Haygood aff005; Charles Savrda aff006; Daniel L. Distel aff002
Působiště autorů:
School of Biological Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
aff001; Ocean Genome Legacy Center, Department of Marine and Environmental Science, Northeastern University, Nahant, MA, United States of America
aff002; Academy of Natural Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
aff003; Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
aff004; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
aff005; Department of Geosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States of America
aff006
Vyšlo v časopise:
PLoS ONE 14(10)
Kategorie:
Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224551
Souhrn
Teredinid bivalves, commonly referred to as shipworms, are known for their propensity to inhabit, bioerode, and digest woody substrates across a range of brackish and fully marine settings. Shipworm body fossils and/or their borings, which are most allied with the ichnotaxon Teredolites longissimus, are found in wood preserved in sedimentary sequences ranging in age from Early Cretaceous to Recent and traditionally they have been regarded as evidence of marginal marine or marine depositional environments. Recent studies associated with the Philippine Mollusk Symbiont International Collaboration Biodiversity Group (PMS-ICBG) expedition on the island of Bohol, Philippines, have identified a new shipworm taxon (Lithoredo abatanica) that is responsible for macrobioerosion of a moderately indurated Neogene foraminiferal packstone cropping out along a freshwater reach of the Abatan River. In the process of drilling into and ingesting the limestone, these shipworms produce elongate borings that expand in diameter very gradually toward distal termini, exhibit sinuous or highly contorted axes and circular transverse outlines, and are lined along most of their length by a calcite tube. Given their strong resemblance to T. longissimus produced in wood but their unusual occurrence in a lithic substrate, these shipworm borings can be regarded as incipient Gastrochaenolites or, alternatively, as Apectoichnus. The alternate names reflect that the borings provide a testbed for ideas of the appropriateness of substrate as an ichnotaxobasis. The discovery of previously unrecognized shipworm borings in lithic substrates and the co-occurrence of another shipworm (Nausitora) in submerged logs in the same freshwater setting have implications for interpreting depositional conditions based on fossil teredinids or their ichnofossils. Of equal significance, the Abatan River study demonstrates that macrobioerosion in freshwater systems may be just as important as it is in marine systems with regard to habitat creation and landscape development. L. abatanica serve as ecosystems engineers in the sense that networks of their abandoned borings provide habitats for a variety of nestling invertebrates, and associated bioerosion undoubtedly enhances rates of mechanical and chemical degradation, thus influencing the Abatan River profile.
Klíčová slova:
Marine biology – Calcite – Fresh water – Rivers – Limestone – Marine fossils – Ichnology – Paleoxylology
Zdroje
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