#PAGE_PARAMS# #ADS_HEAD_SCRIPTS# #MICRODATA#

A simplified vocal tract model for articulation of [s]: The effect of tongue tip elevation on [s]


Autoři: Tsukasa Yoshinaga aff001;  Kazunori Nozaki aff002;  Shigeo Wada aff003
Působiště autorů: Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi, Aichi, Japan aff001;  Osaka University Dental Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan aff002;  Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan aff003
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(10)
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223382

Souhrn

Fricative consonants are known to be pronounced by controlling turbulent flow inside a vocal tract. In this study, a simplified vocal tract model was proposed to investigate the characteristics of flow and sound during production of the fricative [s] in a word context. By controlling the inlet flow rate and tongue speed, the acoustic characteristics of [s] were reproduced by the model. The measurements with a microphone and a hot-wire anemometer showed that the flow velocity at the teeth gap and far-field sound pressure started oscillating before the tongue reached the /s/ position, and continued during tongue descent. This behaviour was not affected by the changes of the tongue speed. These results indicate that there is a time shift between source generation and tongue movement. This time shift can be a physical constraint in the articulation of words which include /s/. With the proposed model, we could investigate the effects of tongue speed on the flow and sound generation in a parametric way. The proposed methodology is applicable for other phonemes to further explore the aeroacoustics of phonation.

Klíčová slova:

Teeth – Acoustics – Audio signal processing – Velocity – Sound pressure – Tongue – Flow rate – Consonants


Zdroje

1. Stevens KN. Acoustic Phonetics. The MIT Press; 1998.

2. Jesus LMT, Shadle CH. A parametric study of the spectral characteristics of European Portuguese fricatives. J Phonetics. 2002; 30: 437–464.

3. Hamlet SL, Cullison BL, Stone ML. Physiological control of sibilant duration: Insights afforded by speech compensation to dental prostheses. J Acous Soc Am. 1979; 65: 1276–1285.

4. Engwall O. Dynamical aspects of coarticulation in Swedish fricatives—a combined EMA & EPG study. TMH-QPSR. 2000; 4: 49–73.

5. Iskarous K, Shadle CH, Proctor MI. Articulatory-acoustic kinematics: the production of American English /s/. J Acous Soc Am. 2011; 129: 944–954.

6. Bresch E, Riggs D, Goldstein L, Byrd D, Lee S, Narayanan S. An analysis of vocal tract shaping in English sibilant fricatives using real-time magnetic resonance imaging. Proceedings of INTERSPEECH 2008. 2008; 2823–2826.

7. Elie B, Laprie Y. Acoustic impact of the gradual glottal abduction degree on the production of fricatives: A numerical study. J Acous Soc Am. 2017; 142: 1303–1317.

8. Shadle CH. The acoustics of fricative consonants. Ph.D. Thesis. MIT, Cambridge MA. 1985.

9. Krane MH. Aeroacoustic production of low-frequency unvoiced speech sounds. J Acous Soc Am. 2005; 118: 410–427.

10. Howe MS, McGowan RS. Aeroacoustics of [s]. Proc Roy Soc A. 2005; 461: 1005–1028.

11. Yoshinaga T, Van Hirtum A, Wada S. Multimodal modeling and validation of simplified vocal tract acoustics for sibilant /s/. J Sound Vib. 2017; 411: 247–259.

12. Nozaki K. Numerical simulation of sibilant [s] using the real geometry of a human vocal tract. In: Resch MM, Benkert K, Wang X, Galle M, Bez W, Kobayashi H, Roller S, editors. High Performance Computing on Vector Systems 2010; 2010. pp. 137–148.

13. Cisonni J, Nozaki K, Van Hirtum A, Grandchamp X, Wada S. Numerical simulation of the influence of the orifice aperture on the flow around a teeth-shaped obstacle. Fluid Dyn Res. 2013; 45: 025505.

14. Yoshinaga T, Nozaki K, Wada S. Experimental and numerical investigation of the sound generation mechanisms of sibilant fricatives using a simplified vocal tract model. Phys Fluid. 2018; 30: 035104.

15. Yoshinaga T, Nozaki K, Wada S. Effects of tongue position in the simplified vocal tract model of Japanese sibilant fricatives /s/ and /ʃ/. J Acous Soc Am. 2017; 141: EL314–EL318.

16. Nozaki K, Yoshinaga T, Wada S. Sibilant /s/ simulator based on computed tomography images and dental casts. J Dent Res. 2014; 93: 207–211. doi: 10.1177/0022034513514586 24300309

17. Khan MK, MacKenzie KA, Brunn HH. The effects of blockage correction in hot-wire probe calibration facilities. J Phys E. 1987; 20: 1031–1035.


Článok vyšiel v časopise

PLOS One


2019 Číslo 10
Najčítanejšie tento týždeň
Najčítanejšie v tomto čísle
Kurzy

Zvýšte si kvalifikáciu online z pohodlia domova

Aktuální možnosti diagnostiky a léčby litiáz
nový kurz
Autori: MUDr. Tomáš Ürge, PhD.

Všetky kurzy
Prihlásenie
Zabudnuté heslo

Zadajte e-mailovú adresu, s ktorou ste vytvárali účet. Budú Vám na ňu zasielané informácie k nastaveniu nového hesla.

Prihlásenie

Nemáte účet?  Registrujte sa

#ADS_BOTTOM_SCRIPTS#