Ancient technology and punctuated change: Detecting the emergence of the Edomite Kingdom in the Southern Levant
Autoři:
Erez Ben-Yosef aff001; Brady Liss aff002; Omri A. Yagel aff001; Ofir Tirosh aff004; Mohammad Najjar aff002; Thomas E. Levy aff002
Působiště autorů:
Department of Archaeology and Ancient Near Eastern Cultures, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
aff001; Department of Anthropology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
aff002; Levantine and Cyber-Archaeology Lab, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
aff003; Institute of Earth Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
aff004
Vyšlo v časopise:
PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie:
Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221967
Souhrn
While the punctuated equilibrium model has been employed in paleontological and archaeological research, it has rarely been applied for technological and social evolution in the Holocene. Using metallurgical technologies from the Wadi Arabah (Jordan/Israel) as a case study, we demonstrate a gradual technological development (13th-10th c. BCE) followed by a human agency-triggered punctuated “leap” (late-10th c. BCE) simultaneously across the entire region (an area of ~2000 km2). Here, we present an unparalleled, diachronic archaeometallurgical dataset focusing on elemental analysis of dozens of well-dated slag samples. Based on the results, we suggest punctuated equilibrium provides an innovative theoretical model for exploring ancient technological changes in relation to larger sociopolitical conditions—in the case at hand the emergence of biblical Edom–, exemplifying its potential for more general cross-cultural applications.
Klíčová slova:
Biology and life sciences – Physical sciences – Research and analysis methods – Evolutionary biology – Social sciences – People and places – Geographical locations – Materials science – Africa – Metallurgy – Earth sciences – Asia – Chemical characterization – Geology – Archaeology – Archaeological dating – Radioactive carbon dating – Archaeological excavation – Isotope analysis – Stratigraphy – Evolutionary theory – Egypt
Zdroje
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