Association between long-term adherence to class-I recommended medications and risk for potentially preventable heart failure hospitalizations among younger adults

English version

Autoři: Tiffany E. Chang ^aff001; Soyoun Park ^aff001; Quanhe Yang ^aff001; Fleetwood Loustalot ^aff001; Javed Butler ^aff003; Matthew D. Ritchey ^aff001
Působiště autorů: Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States of America ^aff001; IHRC, Inc., Atlanta, GA, United States of America ^aff002; University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States of America ^aff003
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222868

Souhrn

Background

Five guideline-recommended medication categories are available to treat patients who have heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction. However, adherence to these medications is often suboptimal, which places patients at increased risk for poor health outcomes, including hospitalization. We aimed to examine the association between adherence to these medications and potentially preventable HF hospitalizations among younger insured adults with newly diagnosed HF.

Methods and results

Using the 2008–2012 IBM MarketScan Commercial database, we followed 26,439 individuals aged 18–64 years with newly diagnosed HF and calculated their adherence (using the proportion of days covered (PDC) algorithm) to the five guideline-recommended medication categories: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin-receptor blockers; beta blockers; aldosterone receptor antagonists; hydralazine; and isosorbide dinitrate. We determined the association between PDC and long-term preventable HF hospitalizations (observation years 3–5) as defined by the United States (U.S.) Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Overall, 49.0% of enrollees had good adherence (PDC≥80%), which was more common among enrollees who were older, male, residing in higher income counties, initially diagnosed with HF in an outpatient setting, and who filled prescriptions for fewer medication categories assessed. Adherence differed by medication category and was lowest for isosorbide dinitrate (PDC = 60.7%). In total, 7.6% of enrollees had preventable HF hospitalizations. Good adherers, compared to poor adherers (PDC<40%), were 15% less likely to have a preventable hospitalization (HR 0.85, 95% confidence interval, 0.75–0.96).

Conclusion

We found that approximately half of insured U.S. adults aged 18–64 years with newly diagnosed HF had good adherence to their HF medications. Patients with good adherence, compared to those with poor adherence, were less likely to have a potentially preventable HF hospitalization 3–5 years after their initial diagnosis. Because HF is a chronic condition that requires long-term management, future studies may want to assess the effectiveness of interventions in sustaining adherence.

Klíčová slova:

Cardiology – Outpatients – Inpatients – Heart failure – Hospitalizations – Ejection fraction – Enzyme inhibitors – Aldosterone

Zdroje

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