European public perceptions of homelessness: A knowledge, attitudes and practices survey

English version

Autoři: Junie Petit ^aff001; Sandrine Loubiere ^aff001; Aurlie Tinland ^aff001; Maria Vargas-Moniz ^aff003; Freek Spinnewijn ^aff004; Rachel Manning ^aff005; Massimo Santinello ^aff006; Judith Wolf ^aff007; Anna Bokszczanin ^aff008; Roberto Bernad ^aff009; Hakan Kallmen ^aff010; Jose Ornelas ^aff003; Pascal Auquier ^aff001;
Působiště autorů: Aix-Marseille University, School of Medicine—La Timone Medical Campus, CEReSS—Health Service Research and Quality of Life Center, Boulevard Jean Moulin, Marseille, France ^aff001; Department of Research and Innovation, Support Unit for Clinical Research and Economic Evaluation, Assistance Publique—Hôpitaux de Marseille, Boulevard Jean Moulin, Marseille, France ^aff002; APPsyCI (Applied Psychology Research Center: Capabilities and Inclusion), ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco, Lisbon, Portugal ^aff003; FEANTSA, European Federation of National Organisations Working with the Homeless, Chaussée de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium ^aff004; Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland ^aff005; Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia, Padova, Italy ^aff006; Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Impuls—Netherlands Center for Social Care Research, Geert Grooteplein, EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands ^aff007; Institute of Psychology, Opole University, Pl. Staszica, Opole, Poland ^aff008; Rais Fundación, C/ Ardemans, Madrid, Spain ^aff009; STAD, Stockholm Center for Psychiatry Research and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Norra Stati Onsgatan, Stockholm, Sweden ^aff010
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221896

Souhrn

Background

Addressing Citizen’s perspectives on homelessness is crucial for the design of effective and durable policy responses, and available research in Europe is not yet substantive. We aim to explore citizens’ opinions about homelessness and to explain the differences in attitudes within the general population of eight European countries: France, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Spain, and Sweden.

Methods

A nationally representative telephone survey of European citizens was conducted in 2017. Three domains were investigated: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices about homelessness. Based on a multiple correspondence analysis (MCA), a generalized linear model for clustered and weighted samples was used to probe the associations between groups with opposing attitudes.

Results

Response rates ranged from 30.4% to 33.5% (N = 5,295). Most respondents (57%) had poor knowledge about homelessness. Respondents who thought the government spent too much on homelessness, people who are homeless should be responsible for housing, people remain homeless by choice, or homelessness keeps capabilities/empowerment intact (regarding meals, family contact, and access to work) clustered together (negative attitudes, 30%). Respondents who were willing to pay taxes, welcomed a shelter, or acknowledged people who are homeless may lack some capabilities (i.e. agreed on discrimination in hiring) made another cluster (positive attitudes, 58%). Respondents living in semi-urban or urban areas (ORs 1.33 and 1.34) and those engaged in practices to support people who are homeless (ORs > 1.4; p<0.005) were more likely to report positive attitudes, whereas those from France and Poland (p<0.001) were less likely to report positive attitudes.

Conclusion

The majority of European citizens hold positive attitudes towards people who are homeless, however there remain significant differences between and within countries. Although it is clear that there is strong support for increased government action and more effective solutions for Europe’s growing homelessness crisis, there also remain public opinion barriers rooted in enduring negative perceptions.

Klíčová slova:

Europe – Surveys – Italy – France – Housing – Poland – Ireland – Portugal

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