HIV prevalence and risk behavior among male and female adults screened for enrolment into a vaccine preparedness study in Maputo, Mozambique

English version

Autoři: Ivalda Macicame ^aff001; Nilesh Bhatt ^aff001; Raquel Matavele Chissumba ^aff001; Leigh Anne Eller ^aff002; Edna Viegas ^aff001; Khelvon Araújo ^aff001; Chiaka Nwoga ^aff002; Qun Li ^aff002; Mark Milazzo ^aff002; Nancy K. Hills ^aff004; Christina Lindan ^aff004; Nelson L. Michael ^aff002; Merlin L. Robb ^aff002; Ilesh Jani ^aff001; Christina S. Polyak ^aff002
Působiště autorů: Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Ministério da Saúde, Mozambique ^aff001; Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America ^aff002; Henry Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America ^aff003; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America ^aff004
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221682

Souhrn

Introduction

Mozambique continues to have a significant burden of HIV. Developing strategies to control the HIV epidemic remains a key priority for the Mozambican public health community. The primary aim of this study was to determine HIV prevalence and risk behavior among males and females screened for a HIV vaccine preparedness study in Maputo, Mozambique.

Methods

Male and female participants between 18–35 years old were recruited from the general community and from female sex worker (FSW) and lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) associations in Maputo. All participants were screened for HIV and a questionnaire was administered to each participant to assess HIV risk behavior.

Results

A total of 1125 adults were screened for HIV infection, among whom 506 (45%) were male. Among men, 5.7% reported having had sex with men (MSM) and 12% of female participants reported having exchanged sex for money, goods or favors in the past 3 months. The overall HIV prevalence was 10.4%; 10.7% of women, and 10.1% of men were HIV infected; 41.4% of MSM were seropositive. HIV infection was associated with older age (25–35 years old) (OR: 6.13, 95% CI: 3.01, 12.5), MSM (OR: 9.07, 95% CI: 3.85, 21.4), self-perception of being at high-risk for HIV (OR: 3.99, 95% CI: 1.27, 12.5) and self-report of a history of a diagnosis of sexually transmitted infection (OR: 3.75, 95% CI: 1.57, 8.98).

Conclusion

In our cohort, HIV prevalence was much higher among MSM compared to the overall prevalence. Behavioral factors were found to be more associated with HIV prevalence than demographic factors. The study findings demonstrate the critical importance of directing services to minority communities, such as MSM, when prevention strategies are being devised for the general population.

Klíčová slova:

Biology and life sciences – Organisms – People and places – Population groupings – Geographical locations – Medicine and health sciences – Microbiology – Medical microbiology – Microbial pathogens – Pathology and laboratory medicine – Pathogens – Diagnostic medicine – Africa – Infectious diseases – Bacterial diseases – Tropical diseases – Viral pathogens – Immunodeficiency viruses – HIV – Retroviruses – Lentivirus – Viruses – RNA viruses – Urology – Virology – HIV diagnosis and management – Infectious disease control – Vaccines – Viral diseases – HIV infections – Genitourinary infections – Sexually transmitted diseases – Neglected tropical diseases – Epidemiology – Mozambique – Sexuality groupings – Men who have sex with men – HIV epidemiology – Viral vaccines – HIV vaccines – Syphilis – Treponematoses

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