Valid group comparisons can be made with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9): A measurement invariance study across groups by demographic characteristics

English version

Autoři: David Villarreal-Zegarra ^aff001; Anthony Copez-Lonzoy ^aff001; Antonio Bernabé-Ortiz ^aff002; G. J. Melendez-Torres ^aff006; Juan Carlos Bazo-Alvarez ^aff007
Působiště autorů: Instituto Peruano de Orientación Psicológica, Lima, Peru ^aff001; CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru ^aff002; Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru ^aff003; Asociación Peruana de Profesionales de las Adicciones, Lima, Peru ^aff004; Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru ^aff005; Peninsula Technology Assessment Group, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom ^aff006; Instituto de Investigación, Universidad Católica Los Ángeles de Chimbote, Chimbote, Peru ^aff007; Methodology Research Group, Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom ^aff008; PSYCOPERU Peruvian Research Institute of Educational and Social Psychology, Lima, Peru ^aff009
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie: Research Article
prolekare.web.journal.doi_sk: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221717

Souhrn

Objective

Analyze the measurement invariance and the factor structure of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) in the Peruvian population.

Method

Secondary data analysis performed using cross-sectional data from the Health Questionnaire of the Demographic and Health Survey in Peru. Variables of interest were the PHQ-9 and demographic characteristics (sex, age group, level of education, socioeconomic status, marital status, and area of residence). Factor structure was evaluated by standard confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and measurement invariance by multi-group CFA, using standard goodness-of-fit indices criteria for interpreting results from both CFAs. Analysis of the internal consistency (α and ω) was also pursued.

Results

Data from 30,449 study participants were analyzed, 56.7% were women, average age was 40.5 years (standard deviation (SD) = 16.3), 65.9% lived in urban areas, 74.6% were married, and had 9 years of education on average (SD = 4.6). From standard CFA, a one-dimensional model presented the best fit (CFI = 0.936; RMSEA = 0.089; SRMR = 0.039). From multi-group CFA, all progressively restricted models had ΔCFI<0.01 across almost all groups by demographic characteristics. PHQ-9 reliability was optimal (α = ω = 0.87).

Conclusions

The evidence presents support for the one-dimensional model and measurement invariance of the PHQ-9 measure, allowing for reliable comparisons between sex, age groups, education level, socioeconomic status, marital status, and residence area, and recommends its use within the Peruvian population.

Klíčová slova:

Physical sciences – Research and analysis methods – Social sciences – Sociology – People and places – Population groupings – Mathematics – Medicine and health sciences – Health care – Statistics – Mathematical and statistical techniques – Statistical methods – Public and occupational health – Socioeconomic aspects of health – Education – Age groups – Research assessment – Mental health and psychiatry – Earth sciences – Geography – Educational attainment – Mood disorders – Depression – Factor analysis – Geographic areas – Urban areas – Research validity – Primary care

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